ʥ  Vol.5  Ů


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λ½ȡʥʸλ֮¹˭֣
Ϊڶŷ򼧣ϣ¶ȳ˵жԹϵ
Ȼŷ򼧸λһȤҲûС
ڴʱǵĽ㡪¼ĹͻȻ
ԭƾϣ¶δɷ򡪡ӵǻΪ
֪Ϊκ򼧣һ൱˲õ᰸



ʥ  Ů

Ŀ

1  
2  ͻ룬
3  ᰸
4  ׽Բ
5  ˽ľ
6  ħŮŮ
7  
8  Ĳк




ʥ Ҫǳ


Ĺλ̳˵ֱ󣬻ʹõüŮҪ巨飬ŷ

ŷ
˹ǵĵڶӣȻԸ˳ȴӡŷ˹׶˸ѵõޣӵʥʸ


һӣ⣬õ޲ص˹ǡ

巨ʿ
ӣʱָϣ¶ȵǸıԼҡ

ϣ¶
򼧵ãлǰһδ˽


ŷ˵Ľ㣬޵ĹƺǳΪħŮ



ʥ  Ů



ڰ֮С
һŮ״Ľݻ
ţֻõŮĻŲ
߳Ľޱ߼ʵ졣
·ҪһɵĺڰͺŮеıͬ
ԨĺӰУֻ̨ϸ΢ϡӳ㡣΢ʱϨһ㡣

ˡ

ÿ̤һ͵ŭԽѹ֡
ˡ
ǸӵеһȫߵˣⱲӾԲˡġ
òҡӵ޵δ
롢ԡһеһС
һеһˡ
ǸҲӵһС
Ȼ̰ȴҪõࡣ
ʹʧȥһС

Ҫ
һеδ
ҪԹµĸȫƻ
ȵʱʱҵԸʵ֡
һеĻ֮



1  

紵ô¸졣
ǿҵķƣ˹֮ͷһ
źеĿХ̧ͷ⣬ֻȫƲɱסˡ
ڰŽ˹ǵϿա
ǹء
Ů¶һ˿ı飬Ϩ֮ǰ˴
ӻ˯ȽϺร¡
˵Ҳǡ
ֱڿ顣Ȿʱ鲢ûرÿԽϡ
򼧻˯£˸жǵĴ֮ᴵϨ̨
͵Ĺ߶ʱʧһƬڡ
¡
Ůϸ˵Ӧһȱصڵרȥˡ



ͷķ˿ûмļ󡭡
ͬڵһ
Ӽǰ𣬽˹ǹһɽŵա
λӶõˡޡԷϳΪʥĿǰľֻص㡣
Խ˹ʷ״γֵڳҲٳ޷̳λѡŴཻϷ롣
״ý˹ǹʱͷٵе졣
ΪһӺ͵ڶһڵӽ巨ʿصǵҲ̱˹ǡλӸԵõޣԭ뿪Щˣڲ֪׷׻ˡ
ֱӽ巨ʿҲ֮󣬹㱻λӵӵ߻ֳɽ˹ڲĶ
Ϊ˹ǵڶŷƷ򼧣Ҳⳡλս֮С
ֻҪ򼧵ڼޣ;޷ӱܡ
ڱ򼧽ץޱ
ϣ¶ȡ
ҲΪԵʣ򼧲òչԾ
ѡĵӽ巨ʿأκ˶Ҫִڽ˹ǵλ
ֻҪ˴ڶޣⳡԾ޿ɱ⡣
ʲôʱ̬ת԰أһԾʱ٣ԼΪ𣿡Խ˼򼧵ľԽǶҡ
Ȼϣ¶ɥʧ˼䣬ԼȻ۰ɰá
Ȼ˫֮ѺۣȴѾ޷޸ĵز
Ѿøôźá
̾һ򼧱˫ۡڴʱ
ͻȻĳ졣

һٶ˫ۡ
֪Ӻδһ󲻿˼졣
ԣǲʲô졣

Ůĸ
һĸʣ򼧴ûԡ
˭
ͷǿ磬ԼڹĹڣпش򼧵Լֳʡ
ԶSĸܵǿ紵ϮƮSǺ˰䡭
˼ĸо
üͷ
ϸ롭׸Һûء
ֱڻ޷ս˹ǹ˵˹֮⣬ĺġ
䣬ϸѰҸԴһ̲֮ס´
ڶߵĸϡ
Ϊ˲˯ڸҵȣŵ߳䣬Ÿķǰ
ûã򼧱ɻ
֡
ͻȻ鲻Ծ
Ȼʶϵ
ôߣԼ΢ӽԴͷ
ټϽ˹ǹϲƵķţ;ȼݽԹһ㡣
ȻѾϰطڰ춼п·ȴһյƶû˳ôڵϣҲ̫çײˡοһҹ˵Ľ˹ǹȾԵøɭ
ԼĽŲԼ·ںԼĸ򼧲ɵав
ϧںѾ̫ˣʹҪ۷Ҳʧ˻س̵·˹ǹȵĳȾûоͷƵģչֳͰȻͬһ档
ڻͷ˳ص𡭡
ǲܵİɡȷšȻǰ۷һ·ôһֱߵȵľͷҲı䡣
޼ƿʩ£ֻӲͷƤǰ
˶أ
š
ͻȻøˡ
Եͣ½Ųϸǰһû顢ǶѨڡ
ڵڲһԿһŽݡ
̧ͷűԲͲ״ĻɫǽڰСϵʯݡ
𡭡
ƺǴϷġ
򼧼סĺģ̤ǰĽݡһ˲䡪
㲻ม
ͻȻ˵򼧳Ծؽԭء
ͷһλŮվںͷ
Ů߾̨ע򼧡
ڰֳֻ֮һŰס
һλ൱Ů
쵽ʵĲ״ڷںڰͬɫΪһ塣
Ů۾ҲǺɫġͬɫ۾ͷͬɫڲͬϣ˵ӡȴر
ҹħԵʱ̣Ůһֲӡ
˺һ㿪˵ˡ
ҡ˸
Ů˵
ǵ뱯֮̾裬类󣬿ǻᱻม
ף
һߣɾͲ룬Ȱ㻹ǿطȥɡ
ŮƽҸ棬򼧸еЩ
ʵҲ˵ֻ·ˣ㲻ط·ôߡ
ô˵֮󡪡
Ůĳָʾһ㣬ֱֱؾ֡
ָ·ĵ·
Ǳݾ
ڵͫ򼧡
·߰ɡ
ŮĴߴ֮£ֻøĺͷ
ȻԹĴϽһ̽ΪڻŮĻȽ׵ΪѾڲ֪ʧˡ
һӺ󡭡
ǰŮͻȻͣ½Ų
һƶ֮󣬲ŷŮԵķǰһƷ
ΪԤڹĹ·صعڷŰϵƹΡ
Ѿˣ
򼧲ʵ
ǵøղѰҸԴʱ˺ܾá
һԼ··̡
ȻسʱȴһӾ͵ִԼķˡ
˵ǽݾ˵ħɡ
š
ʱŮߴߴ򼧿
Ȼе޷ͻȻͷߵǰ
ŰʱԼûæ·Ůл
æתͷȥ
Ůȴڲ֪ʧӰˡ
ͳֵʱһû



ϣ򼧸˯ʱ
ϴһյļٽŲŽ˹ǵڶŷͻȻڡ
²ˣ򼧣
ŷץס˯۵˫֡
ĳʲôʲôˣ
Ȼ޹˼ɵش뻹û¡ûϴŮ뷿Ȼϰŷû񾭵ľٶȴЩһ
ǲǶˣƺɫࡣ
군ˣǸ˻
һͷɫĽ𷢼ҵҡţƽɢħɫʵɫΪ˸
ɶ
ˡ군ˡǸˡָ˭ѽ
֮ʮΪϲߣ̿ɣ
ȡһ£˵ûͷûԵġҸ㲻״
иµˣһϢϾӵòӰˡ
仰ȫѹ
ˣ
Ժֳ︡˹ǵһӵס
ʵںѽǸ첻µز¡һӣ͡ܡһ
Ǻֱײ͡ϵĴ󽣣ǰеİ߸Ͼɱۼһɣ
ֻ࣬ŷҲˡ
Ժӡŷƽ̩Ȼģ󲿷ֵ飬ܴ䲻
㱻ڼֵ֮䣬ҲΪ⣬ǧػÿһεΣ
ŷȻ˶ҡ־壬Ƿʲôˣ

·ϴ֮򼧿ʼ͡
ڼŷԵѰ򼧵ķⲽ
һ󣬶ŷ֡
֮¡ȥģҸû취ƽľò͡
ôһ˵ŷС˵˾䡸Բ𡹣򼧶ϹԹ
Եôһ£侲˵𣿡
һʵһ潫ϵĲɳֻŷϸֳһĪչı顣
ݻˡ
ݡ
ǵʮ㣬ǰ޸ķǹص
ޡ
ʱͻȻһ¡
һ£˵ʮ㣡
ʮ仰˵λӵٻʮλ
ֲֳӡſڽ򼧣ŷ˵ͷ
š
һͷһ˵н㡭
ҡʮˡ
ʵǺܿŵ֡
֧Ŵ½Ľ˹ңŸʽĴڽеĴŶԸĽ˹λйأԵӽ巨ʿصĴرΪ֪Ϊ֮кߵλ̳ˡ
Եģ򼧲ڽ˹ǹĴţǵĴڶá
ŷһε˵
Խ˹ҶԣĴڲҪΪŮԾܼ̳λ
仰ҿɲװûŮ̳λô𣿡
ǰʱһֱλ̳˵ֱ޷ֹͬʹͽ˹ֻ֮Ǹ΢СȻԼҲһֱ˼ΰݺλ̳˵Ľɫ
ҲǸ˼ֻΨлʥƺŵˣܼ̳н˹ǵλŮ޷Ϊʥ޲ߡ
ûȫ½ӵвʥ˲֪ΪνΪԣ֮ˡʥ޼ڵˣһɫŮԡ˫ְڳʱѾעˣŮԶֻܳΪƷܳΪʥ޲ߡ
ζ޷Ϊʥ޲ߵĹһʼͲм̳λȨ򼧵ŮԼ̳λԴĽǶҲĪ˹ǹǱκ˶ҪǿС
ûԽ֧½ٻƷڵǲеġ
ȷ
򼧴
ÿҶÿҵ˼άⲻ˿Բģرǽ˹ִҪأͱ֧ĶƱزͬ
Ҳóɣ
Ϊӣ򼧲űλ̳˷˵Ȼʡ
򼧿ʵ
Ӹô죿
һŷסƺ΢΢졣
ٽֱΪֹ
ٽ֡ѽ
򼧵ԺﲻɵøֳõϵĲյøˡ
أ
ŷءһʱһݵı飬Ŀƿ󣬲С˵
ʱܾ͵Ѱӵǿ֮˵Ůԣίˡ
ޡǻࡣô죿
Դɰʵ׵򼧣ŷҲ޷ۣ޲ߵɱߣ֧֧ػش
ֱӵΪֹΪ˹ǡǸһơ
򼧲Ŵ͡
ѡѲɡ˹֮ʵһơΪɣ
š
ô˵ʮ㣬ΪǶڼһֱûӵԵʣ
ӦҲԭ֮һ
졣
ԭһΪ˹ǵǸɫ֮ͽءû뵽ΪŮԲܼ̳λѽȻ˵Ҳ޿κ
Ե˼½⣬ͬΪŮԵȻĳ˵ʲô޷½⡣
ָ
һӺΪʲôֽأ
šô˵أӦǲɿɡӳٳûеֻòȡɢǹķʽŬܶλͬʱСʵڽ˹ҵʷϲǺ

򼧵ıԽԽѿŷսսһˡ
ͣò͵ĶһһģѸվ

۲ͼ

˵ǰͷҾԲģ
ף
ƷҲˣҪҵӵĹߣҿɾл
˻һŷæų壺
𡢱ô˵ȫûִ㰡
ֲŷ
ʥ޸ŮԾ͵øºߡҲӵζ԰ɣ
⡢
һӣҪӶ԰ɣ
ֲһӡ
ǵļϵӵļ¼มǷǳϡеԼ̳ˣ֮ǰǰʮλ̳ˣɹεģ
ʮ
Ҳ൱Үŷ˵ôգ򼧶ʱѹֲסеŭ
֮ܶƷ¡ˣǾԲ޸ġ޸㣬Ը¼ҹһӣ
򼧽ȭͷ仰
򼧵ԴУŷ˵Ľ㡤ݵĴڣͱ׵ȥˡ



ԲһλĴ³첽ڽ˹ǹϡ
һŵŷںͷ׷š
򼧡ҲģҾԲỨĵģֻһˡ
Ҳ׽첻¹ϵˣ
һ᲻ᵱʥ˵
һ㵱ô죿
ʱеˣ
ھȥе
õĻҾͲôˡ
ɣȻ첻Ѷϵˣ
򼧡
Щһֱⲻȥ顣
֮ԶԼŷĻ±̬ȣΪйδܵľ顣
ʹôٶۣԼδ˽Ҳȫûܵ˺οҪ˿ڶûϵºͱ˽飬ӵбٹ˵ֱ췽ҹ̷
򼧲ŷڼദ֮£ĳ̶ֳȵĺøУһ뵽ΪֹĲۣûȥǻ¡
ǲǳ׵ľܾ
ڡ
ҾԲͽ˹ǵӽģ
ӻǹ򼧶һڡ
׺ޱȵͽ巨ʿؾ֪ˡҼ¹ĻԶᱻ֪һ컹ᱻȼ޵
ϵڴҵ塣
ȻҲ޿κε£Ҿû취ܡ
Ͼڡÿֻһ¡Ĺгġ
һʼ޷ƶȡ
Ϊ˦׷ŷ򼧼ӿϵĽŲ
ڴʱǰһȺӵȺ
򼧷Ųŷץ󣬲ͼЩʲô
򡪡
һڣŷ̰ѻ˻ȥ
һλŮȺ˳
ѽվĲŷǺþòˡ
Էģŷʱɫࡣ
ݡ
Ůֱվԭصŷ
ǰɣŷǡݽˡŶมԼĳþôأɰС
ۿŷӲŮֲ˲䯺ȻһЦ
ЩӲѾôǵǰźҲ߶ѣкӵĳɳٶȻǾء
Ȼôоǡ̫ˡ
е㲻ԸҮ
˫ֲһ̧ͷԼĽ㣬ŷĶͷֱð亹Ȼʣ
㲻˵ĻԸǸ˵Ϊʲôص˹أ
ѽǰŮ¶ı飬ͷʣ
޳ȥŮͲܻ𣿡
ҡû˼ֻǲǷʲô¡
İɣҲûڶʲôԽȱ˵ЩˣŷǲӦȽһλСأ
Ҳŷػ㽫Ƶϡ
ŷǷƵ̾˿ȻһĲ鲻Ըı飬Ȼ̵ؽ򼧸ʶ
ϢӦʹ˰ɡҵġ
򼧲ûŷķԡ
綳һ㣬ԭء
򼧡
ģŷɻԴ
ǰŮ˿˵ķӦ¶õ΢Ц
μ棬ŷĽݣĹ¡
㶵ضơ
ڴ˳Լͷͬɫ
ס
ɫ
Ƕġ
ġ
򼧱ĸʱͻȻġ˼Ů



2  ͻ

ô£ˡΪʲô
Ϊʲô¶һһμԼı飬վԼǰء
ٴϸǰŮ
ôŮͬһȻദʱ̣ܶ˫˴˽̸ҶԷ·򼧻ط򼧲ǡ
Ȼ
ֱˡ
ҹںڰиֵİףоûбһһּžӡ󡣶ҵʱŮɢ˼Ϣʹ˵ħŮ򼧿Ҳš
վǰŮȴŻ
˵ľʵֻһء
ҵҪ˵Щʲôʱ򡪡
ĳ˵ͻȻӱ
ݽˡ
仰ϳķȥ
վϣ¶ȡҡҷҫϣ¶ȱֱس˹ɫװͻǳڵò˭̲ס࿴һۡòԴٻָ֮˼ζ
о˴˵ľѾңɼ򼧿߽ãͷеһ˿į
ϣ¶Ⱦô׽򼧵߲ݵķȥ
ߵݵǰ֮ϣ¶ȹڣһŵ
þˣݽˡͻȻʧӰŻء
ѹصͷ߿ϣ¶ȣݻһ΢Ц
Բมֻ˵巨ˣȥ̽ˡǺƺûѣҲ㳳
ϣ¶ֽǰۿﷺ⡣
ֹۡĽ巨¡û뵽λҵĵ¾ȻǸģ֮أһԿңɵôĵ׸еʹ
һ˲䣬ϣ¶ȵȴųͬʻЦݡ
ҪΪѽһϸĵģһٶʮİɡ
ݶϣ¶۾
ѽɿء
ôһ˵ϣ¶Ժͦš
Ϊǽ巨µ
λȶ˵ĹӶЦĹ⾰ԵʮĿ
巨ҪĵܵܣŮ̫ˡǺӾͰޡ
ǵȻޣˡ
ǰ˵̸֮ٶȿݡ
Ҫĵܵܡ
и˵Ļ
ŷĽ㣬ͬʱҲǽ巨ʿصĽ㡣
򼧲㽫ʵһɶˡ
ǵ̸пԵ֪ݶһص̾ǰȥ̽˵Ľ巨ʿˡ
ôô˵ģʱľкθء
򼧵жʱĺӰ֡
һ棬ϣ¶ڲע⵽򼧵ĴƵģ۽һۣŲ۴򼧡
ѽ㡣
ϣ¶ȹüͷ
ҲһˣǺܿȬء

Ӧ˵ȻĪءϣ¶ȵУ巨֮Իˣƺ򼧺ġ
̲סԲֳĵӱԹ
ɶĽ巨Ҫ˯ͷ֮ǰҲȰԼĹ˵
ϣ¶ȵĻݲ˷Ӧ
˵ŷ
ƻصŷϡ
˵ѽ巨˳ģ
˽Ųѡ
򼧵ǵˣϣ¶ȹȻѽ巨˵ԭݣһƾ֪
ԷԼɰãΨ޷Ĭ
æ߽֮䡣
鲻ģŷǶŷ˾ɵĺ¡
ŷĽ㣬Ӧ֪ܲŶԡŷھӡʲôԼ֮ĲȻһ壬ȴǽȻͬġ
񡪡ӵ˫˸񲢲ŷĴ
ʱ򡪡⵽巨ʿش˶ѪֹĹ⾰ŷ˼Ķҡ˲Żᱻһ˸ŷ˾ûȨ
ſԼġƷܵ˺ŷ˾ȻضԽ巨ʿط˹
ǽ巨ĿڣӦú˺򼧻ʲôʹˣȻһ
ϣ¶ȸìͷָˡ
ŷȴҡҡͷ
ûϵ򼧡ϸ˵ŷ˾ңµֵµ֡
Ǽ¸ǽ巨ԤıģС֪ᷢʲô£ӲҪô
巨Ӧëŷ˾ĻԼǲȫ˵ġ
ȻҪǲڴĻеζ䵽ŷͷϡ
ƫƫŷȫûв򼧵ǡֻתעݡ
͵Ľ巨ҲҲԣҿɲǸมΪȴҵġҪǰ֮ͣ򼧿ɥȪˡ
Ÿ˵̻꣬ŵؾס졣
ұ죬Ǳ𡭡˵ǰ˼вУѵת޵Ǹħ˸ϣôɴسϸ
ǣ򼧡
ûʲôÿǵģãԷҮ۴ӺֽǶ㶼վסš
һǲңΪһߵ򼧣Ŀǰȴġ
£ʹǿڵܵܣҲа˵οݲûĿ·ʱľ
֤ݾĿתضŷһֹ顣
ɿץסŷֺ̾һ
ν巨£ҲûԾˡȻƽʱǸ˲ˬˣҲûҪ˼ܣⳡ粨ҵδġ˵
˵ͣһ£ֱֱעŷ
Ϊػ˹ǲôġȻȷΪҵܹ½⡣
巨ʿرκ˶Ҫִλͬģλ֮УҲҪػ˹ǵˡ
λ֮дžӽ˹ˡҲΪ˲뵱Ϲġ
ֻǿʥ޲ߡʥƺţȫûԸҵĵһӡԼӵСºŷ͡׶ŷ˾˸粻ʱըĵڶӣ˵λ˹ǲûʲôӡӱκ˶ҪΪ˸еǡ
ʹˣŷƺȻ޷ԭ½巨
ҡ
ɫԵЩ
Լ⵽¶ϵȴܵ˺һ˲ŷ˾ΪԼȴΪ򼧵
ÿº͵ŷŭʱԭѲ˹ϵ
򼧲ΪһԼŷͻرҡ
ǿΪԼϧ̤벻򼧲ɵøеһʹ
ڰŷƵ
û˵ҲúúõȻҲϲĸԣҲһû취úദ̳λӦûǸͦͳߡ
ڽ巨ڸźܴ⣬Զڽ˹ǵ˵õѡ񣬼ʹˣ򼧶ĳ̶ֳȵͬ
򼧾ŷòҲϣŷΪԼ˵һЩҪĻԼĴø㡣
ֿŷϸֳζӳµı顣˵Щʲôģȴͷһ
λǱˡ
仰ŷͬʱݡ
ҲûΪรŷֻȷϻص˹ǺһϢˡ
˵תϣͻȻ򼧵һǡ

۲ͼ

лл㣬ǸŮ
仰һͷˮ
ע򼧵¶͵΢Ц
㲻ֻŷ˵Ǻ˵ŮҺม
ϣ¶仰һ˵ص򼧡
Ȼݵע⡣
ϣ¶ȼæ߽֮䣬ΪݰעתԼϣ˵
ʹô˵Ҳ޷ı巨˵ʵµ׷Ҳûκ壬Ͼ鶼ѾˡΨһģֻ巨ܹտˡ
˵ǣݵ֡
ݽˣڽ巨֮ǰȵҵķȥȺɡҺ˵Щķǹม
ϣ¶ȷǳϣϲԼʤ򼧰ɡޱȵŽҽݵֱϡ
߰ɣˡϣ¶ݵ֣תԼķʢԼȻǲþܾˡ΢Цϣ¶ȵĽŲһȥ
ݵҲں
ĿǵıӰȥ򼧰Ͷŷ
Ȼһʵ
ˡղ˵Ǿ仰ʲô˼
ľ仰
ղŲ˵ͽ巨ʲô𣿡
Ǹ
ŷƺղ˵Ļˣʼ˵
ֵ֮У͵ľǽ巨ˡ
ม
ϣý巨̳λ
򼧲һ
𣿡
ţǰͲҺﵱһ£ǶԽ巨ȴرա
ŷôһ˵ŻȻѹΪ˽巨˵ŷ
ͬһҵֵܡ
ʵ벻ͨ
ֵܽһ࣬ͻ𡭡
Щ֮ĹϵǼֻõ޷ġ
˼ʱ򡪡
ѲɡŷͻȻ
ҲΪŻġ
ף
ŷֹ̧ͷǰŷһԴ
Ϊͬʱʥߵһ˵ǲܷġ㲻Ϊ巨һ֮Żġ
ʱղŷԼķ˵Ļɵòʡ
ǲ𣿡
ŷ
رġ
ر𣿡
ΪǡħŮ
ŷɫˡ
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Ȼʥ޲ߣǽ˹ǵйУΨһӵв˼ˡ
仰졣
˼
򼧻顣
棬ϣ¶ȵĵǳʹ򼧴ʧ֤Ļᡣ
ʱһӰس֣һ̰ʧ
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Ϊʲô
ղʱȴ˵μ桹仰
һȫʶ򼧵ģ
򼧲źѡ
⾿ôһ£



˼˰Σ򼧴⣬˵
ˣŷ
ף
м㡭
Ҫŷʵʱ򡪡
¡
ԶϤĽ
һķͷһֻŮֱ
ԭҵúÿѽ
һڴһס򼧵֡
̺һطһˣ
ףһ£ҪҪŷ˵
ҲкҪҪ˵
򼧾ôӲرߡæͷȣϧѾΪʱֻŷԶ
ιɡ
ŷǸյģ򼧲е
ûµʱʱԼţΪʲôҪʱȴ׵طԼ뿪أ
ˡ
ŮͬһһΣŷ˵֪Щʲô

ʹˣ򼧻ڰٰ㲻Ը£ϻԼķ䡣
أ׷ʲôˣ
һƣ̱ϡ
ˣһֱ¸֪£ڷȵö켱ˣƫƫʱǳٳٵȲʵͲסӣŻȥġ
úúã֪ˡ֪ˡԵʲô£
ôһʣĻϲغ˫֡
һĺϢม
ĺϢ
һͷˮ򼧣˫ֽۣ¶ı顣
ϯͻˣ
ͻᡭ
ȵ۾⡣
˵һλ¼Ľ˹ǹҲŷµ˵Ľˡλʱʾϣŷһò͡Էʹ˵ֻǼ֮ľ۲ͣʽ磬ԲҪ̫н
ҸղѾλˡ
ôһ˵̺شǰʵ
ۡôأ
Һû˵ϼ仰Իէ֮µҲǻˡ
ֵͽ巨ŷĻȻЩһ̸֮򼧵ﲢûж²õӡ
Ҳŷ˷еɡ
ڽ巨һ£չֵ̬Ҳлù
˵ӵ֪һأ
˼ʱȴ¹óü׷װƽ̯ڴϵķװ򼧲Դ
ʲô
ѵܵ˶Է룬ƯһôУ
ǰķװȫ˹֮ŷ͵ġ
ÿһޱȵġ
Է˵̫н𣿡
˵ʲôѽֳͻԼĺûɣ
ͻԡ
Դһߵ򼧣ȵĹâ
Ȼܵ룬ôϣ¶ȵҲпͬܵ롣Ҫˣϣ¶ȵƱػһĴϯ
ϣ¶ƽʱĴѾˡҪβܴøӻױһϲͨʵ޷
ȴͬսȭͷȼܶ־
Էǹµã±ȥĻôΪŮңӿɾûеطˡҪӰѾС
˼ȣҲΪԼбǮϣ¶Ƚ
òĻԼȫϣ¶ȵĶ֣һԾο֪ϣ¶ȵĸԣ֮ˡʵͻᶼȥ¶ƽճԸ
仰ƺȺܲˡ
ǵģ£ôôأİɣֻҪϺúôһԲϣ¶ȵµġϣ¶ȵµĵطŮζֻҪЩǿĻ
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ⲻģŮ˵ļ֣¡
ʹŮ˵壬Ȼͼ
ȻʽᣬԷҲʾ̫нնԷ˼͵𣿡
˻һָŶͷһε̾˿
ùû취Ȼ˲ʡ
һҡͷһ򼧽ͣ
£ʱɲֻȡϵ˼˹ǺͶǲͬġ̫н仰ڸ߸Ľ˹Ǿʲô˼Ǹ޴ӵ֪һǺõġ
ܾú鷳
ô鷳أʧһ𣿡
ʧҲνҲΪ˺ϣ¶Ⱦ硣ҺǺĿǰĹϵѾˡο
һͷı鿴Լϵķװ
װѾ˰ɣ
Դ˹Ǻ򼧾ͱǿǰŮԻķװرԴϣ¶Ժ
ΪһᱻȽϣȶ򼧴ŴҪ󣬲Żϸ
˹ǹǣú۹⿴Խá
Ǽ֮ӣֵܵλսͬҪ
ǵ˭Ƚ㡪ӰⳡλսĽɡ
Ȳ׵Ľ巨ǣ㿪ʼĴϣ¶ȵ档
ŷҲע⵽Ҳ½͸Ʒ򼧡
ȻͶԽ˹ǵе൱ڣԴϣ¶ȳ˽巨֮ԽԽ㣬򼧾ͿҪˡ
ԭֻϣ¶ȸ˳򼧶ȴ𽥸ӻ
ǸӪ
ЩˡòΪ֪ѡԲж˭ʸ̳λֳ׳յ뷨ɡ
һ뵽ֿܣͲ˸е¡
æҡҡͷ
ûô졭µġӦðɡ
ƴ˵Լ
õûв򼧵ķա
ͷϼӸװҲá
δȫĵȣһϸĽӡ
Ӧ
Լ͵ˣ
ҴʲôҪϯͻǹѽ



ӽϯʱʱŷ򼧵ķ䡣
ǳӭ򼧵ġ
̤䡢񽻻һ̣򼧵Ǹ
Բ򼧣ݾӡ
ӡ
ҲǵȽϡ
仰򼧸е൱ơ
Ȼ𡭡
ֻǹˣǵĽ㶼۹⿴Լʵڽܡ
ֱܾһԸ뷨ڲĸо򼧵ľ൱ƣ͡
ôÿ˶ôа˷ڸõ𣿣
˭ôЩ޹ذɣ
򼧿ŷ
ȻеܱǸҿûŻӦ˵ڴϯͻʱҲر硣
Ҫ򼧴ƯƯϯĻֻǣűߡΨһ˵ʲô⡣
򼧣ŷݵصͷ˵
İɡȻ˵ͻᣬĽҲһ¼ˣڶڹڣⳡͻҲֻϵĶѡ˵Ҳϲĸ㲻Ҫ̫н
ŷĻ΢һ
ŷûܵӰ졣
ֻһΨһľꡣ



˹ǴĳβǰѾϣ¶Ⱥˡ
򼧺ŷִʱ򡪡
ϣ¶¶ǵ˫ü
˵ѽѵݽһòͣĴôôأ
ͬĵģϣ¶ȴñлҪ֦չ
ɫ㷢ϴźüƷǶмͷ״ĲʵصȻƽƮƮͣϸ֮£ԷȹڵĲֵ׺žϸĴ弰ѤõıʯκͶεıʯҲɫΪ
ʹ˵̫нҾ͹ˡ
Ǹˡ罻ôܹأֻݽ˵Ŀ׻ˡû뵽㾹Ȼ棬ϯͻᡭе
ϣ¶Ȼɥʧ䣬ƺѾԼǶʵˡһ֣Ϊ򼧸е
ǴԲƵ΢Ц
ûϵȷʵϣҷɾͺˡϣ¶ȲܴʲôװˣҴ۸ֲεԣҲ͡
ݽˡǸˡ

򼧵ǲ΢΢鴤
ƺԼ׽Ϊ㡻ȴƺΪˡһ򼧸е̫ܽܡ
򼧻ǰסеĲԼλϡ
ܡ
ʵ⻹ͷһطòͣڴ֮ǰԼķò͡
ϾδʽΪ˹ҵһԱĿǰΪֹǱɱͶԴ粻ݵ룬δкһʱ䶼л
ͬŷǰ˵ģֳûĽûϯʮ˵ĳβǰĸˡ
ŷһ𣬶ݺϣ¶ڶ档
ݺϣ¶֮ճһλԭԤ巨İɣ
巨²ܳϯʵ˸еź
ϣ¶ȳŽ巨λ׳įߡǾĻǴ˵ģͲö֪ˡ
ֻԴ
˵ôӰأ
ٳûĽ˹ҳ֮ͻȻ
ķŷߡע⵽һ¶΢Ц
Ǻǲ´οɵýѵһ¡
˻һŷ亹ֱ
бѰŷһۺ̾һ
ԭһֱڴܺʹһ𿪿ĳԶٷеʧءʱ˲һþûˡ
ʱŷԔݵıС˵
ҪһǲܵģݡϾĿǰδ˭̳λĽҲûɻ
΢΢üͷ
ѽҲŲںЩءһʼҾûаЩ˵ˡ
˵ݡߡһ
ֻҿɰСǣԼǵ￪ĵسԶٷˡ
ѽϣ¶֮˫ա
Ȼҵɼ˿ݽˡôأûʽΪ˹ҵһԱͳ̧ʵ̫жˡ
Ǻǣϣ¶Ǹֿ̹ɰŮһֱϣиء
Ҳǣܹһˣҡ
˵Цģֻܰ̾Ϣ
ûãǱ½һ
ۼϰڷżΪʢ˻ɾ˭а취Ե꣬û򼧾;θ̫ˡ
Աһֻŷ¶һϣı飬Ÿŵ۽䵽ÿ˲ϡ
ÿ򼧴ϣ¶ȾͻԲ廰ؽ
Ȼϣ¶Ȳϣ򼧳Ϊġ
ʵ򼧲ûк뻰⣬ֻǿԼĽŮԣĵسƺԷΪˡĲ
ʹˣΪ˹ȫŷӣֻǿ¶Ӳ΢ЦĬĬò͡
ȫûע⵽ݲʱع۲Լ
εͻᣬôһһعȥˡ



3 ᰸

£ǳˡ

ͻ
ͬһڷͺʰϵȻعͷ˵
Щϣ¶ȵѾȫ£ݵ¡ȥͬΪĹ£ɾԽԽΣˡ
ֲһϵ
һϣ¶ȵҲһѽϣ¶ȵ˹ҵĳԱĻˡȹ»ҪӦȴߵþˡ
ȵͷҧ촽ƺǳġ¶һ㣬̧ͷ
µ񣬹ҲҪ취£ݵ²С
£磿
ͻȻֲõԤС򼧣ȸһ˵
ģϣ¶ȵһףԷôһʼھǰϰβȡ˵Ļġ
붼롣
ܾ̾
ҪֺԶǲܵˣοֺŮԡ
仰֮˼ֳա
ȷͻȻҪѧ˸ļɣʵ̫ǿˡ
Ըͷ򼧰ؿڣһ
ˣôȾʹӼ򵥵ĲֿʼֺˡҪϣ¶ȵǹɶصĽʣѶʵ̫ˣҸһߡȴϰƺݵΪˡʼɡ

˻һ򼧲ƿԡ
ͨһ㣬н㲻𣿡
ʽĽзӮϣ¶ȵ£
ûҪӮ
ڵذϣ¡
ӡҡûʸ񵱹µŮûõŮһˡȻһ䡺ˡû취þĹ˵ڡܵŮûлȥļֵ
Ա˵û޵򼧶ʱֽšæܵߣļ
û£ǺŮΪ㣬Բڵңô˵Լûмֵء
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ҡ֪ˡһԼŮһ㡭һŬģԱˣȡ
仰ֹסᡣ
𣿡

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ô£Ͼϰɡ
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мˣ
ڲŲѾΪʱˡһˣȲ
ģֻйºҶѣֻ΢ϰһ£ģòžΪ顣ˣʼɡ
Ҫ˵ʲô
˵ݽˡ£͡

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Ȼ첻𣿿ҹȻǸûõŮµҿһ䷢ңӱˡ
˵ˣ˵Ϊֹ˰ɣݽˡ𣿡
ҧֲร¡
αСطöͺ˰ɣ
һ㶼ãҧֵ˵ٴ죬ǻӰߵĸأ
򼧿ʼҪܵĳ嶯
ϣһ̽ĶԻ򼧣ֻӦһɻأһͷ˯һ
Ʋ֮£¶ǳԸı飬ŷ˫ֻأ˿ܵغһ䣺
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Ȼȱ飬ͬŬŷม
ݺԤس֣˲䶳ᡣ
ȫûͽŲ˵ˣֱǰһΪֹ򼧾һ˿˵Ϣûиܵ
ʲôʱ򡭡Ӧ˵Ǵģ
Сط
Ϊĳ棬ôܲⰡ
ղǡ
ƺǶϤ򼧵뷨ȻһЦ
ģ㲻ǿԼҲȻม
ʹͻ򼧻飬ʵ
˵𣿡
ʱݶŵ֡
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˽֮ȣصͷ
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Ѹ߳˷䡣
ۿԼĿ벻ʵ֣λŮƺ㡣
ݹһҵ򼧣ܾйɲõԤУæҪ뿪ߣȴץ򼧵֡
Ŀתض򼧵
мҪ㣬ϲŷ𣿡
ʲô
ԽĽǶȣĽǶ˵
򼧵εؽߴ۾ƿʵе⣬һʱ֮Ҳøôش
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û뵽ᱻһƣ򼧲ɵþһ
ķӦݷһصͷ
ʵҲνѽҲǷǵúޡ١Լڵʥ޲߽鲻ɡ
ף
Ƿǵúޡ١Լڵʥ޲߽鲻ɡ
桢𣿡
ѽ㲻֪𣿡
ŷ١ޣȴһֱǿǺͽ£ʵһֱԼ̫ˡ
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򼧳û˳ˮۣû⳯ýķС
˵ҵĹûдޡ
򼧵ϸ¶΢Ц
ȥʥ֮ԻӭȢ޵ŮΪޣǻ淽Ŀڽ˹ңνﱾָ׸޵Ůԡƺԭ⣬ʵʥԣ޶ม
򼧻ͷһ˵
Ҵû
Դüͷ򼧣ݽ˵
ʵϣΪҪáƷٻʥޣǲ𽥽Ϊʥ޲ߵʹˣҲûǵü޸ʥ޲߲ɵӲԹ涨
ԭˡ
򼧶ԣⷬѩ̿
ж˳һֱѹͷĴʯһ㣬ʱ泩
򼧲ŷ෴ĻźøСοƲ鲻̸Ҳ׼ĸԱܵ˺ûеֿ
ʹˣڵ˵ʵһ൱صĸɡǸԵĺûߺϲϵ⣬Ķʵ̫ӡ̫ˡ
ʱֳָһµʡ
ΪʲôҪ˵Щء
ΪʲôͻȻԼ˵ⷬ
͵ش
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Ī˵ûʸŷ飿
Ѳ򼧣
˵ϣ¶ˡ
֮ܶǲ򼧳Ϊ˹ҵһԱɡ
Ȼ֮⣬ҪǱ˵̫¶ǣȻò̫ܡ
ϣ¶ȵĸܺðɡ
ҲΪϣ¶ȶ˵ʲôǹĴųҵĳԱ֮⣬Żġ
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Ӧûע⵽ҶԽ巨رİɣ
ʵصͷ
û
ŷҲô˵͵ľǽ巨ˡ
ŵͷϵ򼧣͵˵
ѽǰΪ巨ʺϼ̳λѡˡ

Է˵ʲôȫͷֻùԹԱ졣ݼ˵
ޡ١ŷʱ̹˵ҵܸӡᣬʵһֱŷΪɰĵܵมֻǺӵĵ̫ˣʺϵι
ม
͸˵ˣǺӸСȻ׻˵ԽɵĺԽɰǸ¡

ֻĬĬš
Ϊʺϼ̳λ˷ǽ巨ĪҲ˵巨Ҳȡʥʸʱĸеʮֿġ
ʱ򼧵ţȻˡ
ȻΪ巨һ֮ġ
ٶȷŷԤȷġ
˵ָֻԭеͱ顣
Һܸлϣ¶มţ൱л

ζӳµ飬˵ͷʱݵȴЩ
ֻϧǺӺͽ巨䡣
ʲô
ת̫ͻȻ򼧲һ㵡
ȻǸŮǶԷϾǽ巨ܺϵġ

Ǻദ˼֮˽⵽һ㡣巨Ҫ̳λǺȷʵǲɻȱġû취ӵַֽ巨
ม
巨Ǹ˵ˣĻǻ˵ֱ˵Ȼϣ¶ȴǸϣԷԶԼɱϧŮΪ˽ĻԲ𣿡
ôһʣ򼧶ʱƿԡ

ĿǰϿʲôףͻᷢġ

ܾĹ⾰ѾԼǰˡ
ȷݵƲ桭Ҳ˵
ǰʳָ

۲ͼ

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صͷ򼧣µ˵˾֮
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˵һ㣬ֻҪͽ巨顢ϣ¶ȺŷĻеͻӭж⡣Ϊŷһܹϣ¶Ҹģô˵ԴŮһʮᡣ
ݵ̬ȷǳݣȴ൱
򼧶ʱֽš
롢һ¡ŷҲˡҲܾôˣ֮ǰΪʲôҪҺͽ巨鰡
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ҵֱǺ׼มҿԱ֤ǾԻһķޡ
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ﲻݡ
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ҲΪʲô뷨
ΪʲôԼǵúͽ巨鲻ɰ
ɻݡ
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ϴǼʱ˵巨λù԰ɣ
ǡ
˵ƵĻȴͬ
ֲһ䣺
һ۾Ϳ˽巨ʣʹǵжԵĹϵʱҾΪ巨İ·Īˡ㣬һܹ巨ġȻ޷ֻҪദӾˣһΪķޡ
˵
ˣΨһ巨ˡ
˵û취
Ϊֹ巨Ϊ˵ϹѾ̫ණˡǺҪģǰѽ

Զԣû
û뵽ʱ˵֮
ҪҵǺƥŮĺܲסǲҲƲׯأȻǸԺܲûкŮö͸Ǻӣƫƫûһʵġ
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˸ɵĺ°ɣ
Ⱥ˵ȷƲǺŮ
򼧴˰κ󡪡
˳֣̫ˡ
ٴס֡
ԺǺӾͰޡı
Ȼϵͷƴ跨粵
ϣ¶ǲܻӦġ
ֻҪŷøǺӾԱȽϲŷͣһҺ
ֱ֮ҡͷ
ⲻϣ¶뵱ʥȻ巨Ҫ̳λǺӾͻѡ巨ȻŷȷʵȽϲͣǻվҶ˳λŷΪʥĻһѡŷһ޷Ľˡôô᰸вͨġ
ѽôһ˵˫ۡ
֪ǺӳҰģȴû뵽ҰĴ̶ֳȡ
ϣ¶ǰŮɽΪҵԵʡǺӵֻҪӮҶѣΪŻѡ巨ǲܹԹ˵Ļġ
ΪӮ㡭
ΪҡֻҪӮңԲκδۡ
Ӯ㡭
˼Դ
𡭡ô˵ĻȷʵǺеͨءϣ¶һ뿪巨ûˡ
֮һ
ֻ̧ͷص˵ͷ
Ҳ˵ǺӵĲޡǲȻˣϣ¶ȵһ㵱ڶ
ʲô
ٶΪȴ㵶ֱ
ڶ
ԺصϤۡ
һϣ¶ȵģΪ巨֪㣬Ҳܹڽ巨˲𣿡
һ£˵ĵڶʲô˼
򼧵⣬ݾȵ˵ü
ʲô㲻֪𣿽˹һƵࡡҪȢԡ
ǣҡѾŷ
ҸղŲ˵㲢Ƿǵúŷ鲻ѽ

ǲûʽ޽ϵ԰ɣֻŷ޵㲻޸ҲνŷڵЭ巨ĻҲ޷óȻˡŷӦûΪ巨ɣ˵Ҳûرϲŷ𣿡
˵뷨ôôƫ
ǽ˹ǵĹ
ʹ򼧣ҲֻԶԡ
ݵۣҲԼз˵顣ΪŷġƷ¡û뵽仰ȴʵдݵĿ˵˳
µ˵ʲôأ
򼧵ĿڿơȻ뽫ݵ뷨ķ򣬵ȴò⡣
ƫƫ޷ǿӲرʾܾ
򼧴ǰŮûޡڱҪĶ޷ȡĮ̬ȡοݶ򼧱źøСȻķչ򼧵Щ
ԷǸˣҲܾôǣűߡܡ֮ܶ侲ϸ롭
Ϊʲôݻô볣뷨򼧿ʼ̽ԭ
ܣҪֽ巨
ǸӾһеԪסԼ˹ǶΪݻֲҪҲΪ
˵Ϊʲôر۰巨أ
ô룬巨ϲġ
ȫСá
Բͷ򼧣ݴ
Ϊа˷С
Ҳȫ㲻
˷С
ŷܿ˭ҡβͣɵɵĸŶԷߣСȴҷҽУֺںԼΧ˶ǹѸġ͵ѽͻ᳤ˡ
Ҳŷܶκ˶һ㣬ҲΪǸ⣬˵Ҳŵ㲻𣿡
ݵ̾һ
һ֮˵Ļƺ
˵Ҳе
Ĺ۵еĹǺֵġԼ׵
Ȼǲͬ͵ˣȴ֮
ʹˣҲΪһ֮˵巨ȱġ
Ͼǽ˹ǵӡ򼧼ðϣ¶巨ʱʢŭ֮µͼ򼧵Ĺҡ
ֻλ֮бȽһλˣ򼧲ǸõĹ
ƺôΪ
ˣٿ巨ʮķǷȡ
˵ϣ˵ǸԲ
ʲô𣿡
ȫûС
򼧱죬Ϊ˵ʲôҲûˡ
Դе˼һƬҡ
øˡ
൱ֵ״
Ȼţƺġ
򼧲Ϊ巨ͬ⡣
Ҫϣ¶᰸ûηӦ򼧵ͷʹˡ
Ҫǡ
Ϣŷô˵أ
ʵڲҰ¸
֣ɫ򼧼ġ
İɣϣ¶ȺŷǱ߶ȥ˵ϡ
ɶףһ¡
㣬ǧôҪֹѾﵽĿģݱһ
ѸٴվݣͶһ΢Ц
ôͰޣ򼧡
һ˵꣬㿪ĵ߳˷䡪



4  ׽Բ

򼧵ɫࡣ
ʱſͻȻߵߵһˡ֮󣬱㿴ȿ˽
ֻ϶̣ͷŲ߼㡣
ѽݵء
ղŻȥˡ
ףɡؼʱҮұλߺȲ죬һһ˵ԷõҲҲеڶˡҲǵģΪʲôûס˼أ
Ҫô
ող߳ȥôûأ
߳䡢߽䣬ֻ֮˶̶̼ӡ˵һŶԡݾͺʱһͻȻ֮ʧˡ
Ǹ˵Ǻηʥ
ûһɻ򼧣¶ûĵı飬תͷſڡ
ѵһ׼˺óԵıɡ¾ΪԲſסΪµŮԲôõĻߡҲڸȥҿ
ȵȡ
ҪǰлɾԽˡƴҪֹȽϵ̵ݸ򼧺󣬱ɿܳȡ
϶̵򼧾ôԭء
ʲô
ֻý̷ϡ
̱ϣָ̫Ѩ̾һ
ղźݵ̸
Ҳܸء
ΪǸŮ൱ŷ
ʱ𱸶ŷ̬䵭򼧡
ҲȲŻѾ˼Ҫ򼧺ŷĽݴùϵ
ȻȴǴ㽫򼧺ͽ巨һ顣
Ҳ͵һӡ󼫲йأȶԽ巨úͶŷ෴
֪ʵĻܻ赹Ҳ˵
׸˭źءȻŷˡ
ʱ򼧲Ųһ¡
˹ǣԼֻܹŷ򼧶ѡ
˫ֻأĿѰ˼
ȥ𰸾ֻһ
Ȼֻҽ巨ˡ
¹Ȼֻұ˵˵Ͼǵߡ
ǲ֪ܲܿ˵
һοʱѾûˡ
֮򼧾Ͳͽ巨Ӵ
ʱԼҲڱ״̬ȵٶʱѾڴˡ
ϣ¶Ⱦһֱڽ巨ķټϱ˴˶ɶԷ˵ԭҲ򼧴ûȥ̽ӹ
Խ巨Ŀǰ״Σȫ
֮̽ӵȥһ˿ɡ
˵ô˵ҪʵȴҲûôס
巨ķﶼ֪
˹ѾкһʱˣȴǸ㲻ڲĽṹ
Ȼǰȥν巨ķ䣬ÿһζķʽȥġ
οжٸ䡣Ͼ˹ӵľסΧƺи
һĪչʱ򡪡

ԱͻȻһֵ졣

һԴͷȥһֻ
רעؿıɡ
ɵǳɫë򡪡
ŷʥޡ
桭
ҲڽԼ֣ȩ̈ͷԲ˸㲻ĲһԻԲ˫գͣ
Ǳɵζġ
ӣ̰Ե
һСô˼ʣŷ
ÿοò˼顣Сһ﾿ˣ˰˼⡣巨ʥ֮£ֱ֮
ǵģ˿ɰһôûСӲҪ˵ʲôĻҲֻĪĿռƶ
˵ͻȻһ
žһһġ
æǰʥޡ
ˣ㲻԰æม
򼧶С˵
ȥ巨ֲ֪ķܴȥ𣿡
֮ǰҲйƶȥľ顣
ǰë΢΢ԴͻȻ򼧵ֱذ塣
ƺ򼧵˼ˡ
ˣǽ巨ķม
Ϊǿһ㿪ĵسǽ˹ȥ
ۿҪǽ򼧼׷׷ں
һ¡̫ܵˣ
ҪǱ¿ɾˣѸץסβ͡
ë򷢳뽿СͲƵĹǽһͷײȥ
ӭǽڣ֪⣬Ȼ̲ס˫ۡ
Σ޷ϰָо
Ȼʥ޽пռƶķʽƺͬŷʥ޽пռƶķʽЩ⡣
򼧲ûײǽڣ˴͸˹ȥ
¸˲䣬һƨˤڵϣӲĳ֮Ϯ
ʹ
ܾÿκһƶ䵽³
ײĳʹ򼧲ʥβ͵ĸдʧˡ̧ͷ
ǰϤĳ
û취Ҫƶ֮ǰȸ֪һҲͱҮ
һ汧Թһ

ﰡ
ŵصµĳʪζС谵ʯ췿䡪ԣõդô룬ﶼǵη
˹ǵӲֵܻط
æѰӰֻѾ֪ȥˡ
ʱе
Ǽһ˳Ǹˡ
򼧽դû뵽ὫԼֵط
Ҫôطȥ
һ뵽˫̱ڵϡ
ιʲô
ͻȻһ
ѭͷһһλ֮
ԷڵϣĿתضԼơڱϵĴ󽣿൱졣

ǽ˹ҵĳӣࡣ
ŷ巨ķɫͫɫǺͬɫ
˫ɫͫͶԺĿ⡣
Ϊʲôﰡ
ǲҪ˵ĻɣΪʲôֵط
׽Բء
ɶ
ɻı飬һ֮ɦɦԼһͷڷ
ŷСӣ˵ʲôԲᱻκ˷֣û¾ͱǸûõĵܵܡ
һ£Ϊʲôᳶŷ㲻Ѿ𣿡
ôһʣһͷʼ硣
ұǸ㡣ŷСȴ˵ܣȽϺãȻͰҶֵطˣ
⡭ǡ
򼧲ø˵ʲôźá
ˣСӵԴ·Ӧûж˵һҲ벻үֵط
ȷҲ벻
ǼһﵽΪʲôⰡ򼧵Ժֳ︡ŷаס
һٸ
ȡֱжĿ֮
˵Ϊʲôأ
һ̬¶εı顣
²ҪһϵûС
ǳش⡣
û뵽ƽη塢ĵһӣȻẦһ˵ֵز
˲ò࡭
ţ
ﱣƣһ˵
ʵŷС˵ҲеһعҾͼβܵϢ˳ȥ㲻һᱻ޳ʥĺ֮⡣ԶǱҪúá
ҾöҮ
ʶ򼧲ûа˵ڡ
Եġ
һֱúܲ˼飬Ϊʲôŷ㶼ôأҳԸϡӦ˵˼Щ졭ûô
еʡ
֮ǰսȭͷ
Ϊ㲻֪ŮʲôˣŻ˵ֻ
ʲôˣ
ǵ½巨γָԵ֮һม
ôһ˵򼧺ˣֺ̫ס
λŮӵ֪һҲ˵
ŷҲáҲգƽǴݲȡ䲻ֺܴˣȻȴη嵽ֵز
˼ֵ֮﷢ˡ
֣㵽طʲôģͻȻǽһء
򼧻ԼĿġ
ô˵ءǸˡ
ɶ
ԭȥ巨ķ䡭ǵһعʱԼȴط
ม˵Ǹë򰡡
Ѳû취ͽ巨ˣ򼧿ʼֻʥ޵ĻҲֿܡ
Ϊʲô巨Ǽһأ
ǡ
޿κ֮£ֻ̹˵ɡ
ΪҪҺͽ巨顣

۲ͼ

ʲô
ҲԴ˸е졣ֻŵôġ򼧱ľһһʮظ
򼧲ûŷǰ࣬Ȼ˫ҲȫжԵĹϵַ¶뿿ֱײԸȻͷʹ˲ҪĻֺܺöȻΪʱ൱Ѳ֣ܺǸܿɿǿ֡
ʥ޺ǿҲǳǿ
ֹһε򼧣еϵʵжǿ
εһӾԲԼΪС
Ͼݵ᰸˵ʲôϢ
Ϊĳԣ᰸Ϊٳɽ巨ŷ֣ԵƵһӵļƻ
ϣ򼧵˵֮ϵıƺԵЩãϥϡ
ŮˣȻڶʲôԽ
ҲôҮ
˵㰡ٶҲи޶Ȱɣ㲻˽Ů˵Ϊˣа취˵ôɡ

ҿɲΪСŶมҪԿĻҾԲκˡŮҲá巨ҲãֻҪ΢ģ㲻ôĶ֪ٶáҿɲòסķɵĻҲҪһ·Ÿġסڲܰ˯ĵطһԸסη
ֵܾȹʲôͯ갡
ʵ޷˼ģʽҲΪǵĳɳ̫ˡǴ󽣲ҲѸоಢˡ
֮ԶͶ˰ν򣬸㲻ǴСʱɵķϰߡ
㶵˼š
ǰһεվϵĻ档
һֱ˯ҲģҴȥɡ
㲻׽Բ𣿡
ΪѾ֪Ļˡ֮ĻƱػɵ
˵ĻеѰ
Ůڴʲô⣬ҶһֹġҪΪԼΪΪĻǿɾʹشˡ
սȭͷ
Σݵ᰸ѾȼĶ־Ψһȷġ
Ĵָ˵
ߡ



Ĵ֮£׾ٵصִĿĵء
ô˵һﶼǽ˹ǵӡ
ܲʥޣ˹ǵÿλӻ߱˳ûеǱȴر
Ȼ·һ㣬˿ռƶ
ϸ룬֮ǰϣ¶Ⱦѵ¼ʱǿƴ͵Ԫռ䣬Ҳʲôġ
ʱ򼧻൱ģǿ˻ʱһµģֲɵøеЩŭ
עǰжǵĺ˯
ƽӦû˯ʱȫ޷ڲӡֻ͸˯ԼƼڴϡ
ʮּžڴϵ˯úܳûв򼧵˵Ϣ
ǲƽʱĽ巨
ѵĺ𣿣
üͷ
巨򼧲ͬûпƵ
֮ǰҲŷͬȳ̶ȵˣ֪ǷΪŷ˾ǿԵʣûʹ֮ŷҲûþȬˡ
֮£ӵĻָһء
Ҳܼһ͸˰ɡ
뵽򼧲
״̬£ò÷˻˯ߡ
ųٳûж򼧣ɻԴ
㻹Ǳ߿Ѳ͵ˣ
ȻɱүֺˡҪƿ˯ʱ򼧻Żŵץס
š
ˣȴù𣿡
ԷϾ˻ôֱ
һòŹ̫
Ȼûͬ˵Ĵ㡣
Ȼ˵
شԭ𣿡
Ը˻̸ʲô
֮󣬲̾һ
ĺ巨
ŷʱҲô顣ܺŷǲȡ̬ҲйϵҪԭͽ巨ĸԲϰɡ
ֵ֮䣬Ҳпܸѵ޷޸ĵزء
ϣ¶ȣɥ֮࣬Ҳ˵ͷ
֪ˡң
һ˵꣬򼧱ƿ̡߽
˵֡
ôľ뽻̸巨ȴûбѣѵ˯ôǽ巨Ү
ˣҲڻֵزɡ
򼧸ܵһС
Ҫȥָоһ㣬򼧰ڸס巨òǲ㱡
ڴʱ
һ¡
ֹͣ˶
ͷһݾվ
ǡ
Ŀཻ֮󣬱ŵس˹ȥһϮɫӭƮҷ
巨Ҫ׾㲻Ҫ𣿡
ɻݡ
ֵʱʵ̫ˡ
Ϊʲô
ôһʣͷ
ѽѵҲ̽װĵܵ𣿡
Ҳǲ
ʱݽĿͶ¶һõ΢Ц
ѽ㵽ȥˣѵôڴ㣬ȴٳٲҺѹม
һ˫ֽǰߣЦһ
㻹˵ħŮ
仰ݵЩ
ܶЩᡣҳ͵ǽ巨ĿУҲǿɰĵܵѽ
Ȼȴɢǿҵĵ⡣
ҽ巨֡
ݵԴ
ѽֿʼˣû취ССеٴҲûǵɿŹġ
һ˲䣬סĴ󽣡
ע⵽ľٶæץס
ţ
ַſҲĲǸŮˡ
㲻Ĺ򼧻Ƿס֡
ŵЦݣעˡ
ʹʱܻᳯԼ£Ҳûһ˿ηɫ
ǵġԽܾô°
ƴͼѹסࡣ
ڴʱһˡ
һϣ¶ȳ˷䡣
治šֻ꾫Ҵҡڵش巨µķ䣡֪߳Ҳи޶ȣ
һδƽһ
򼧲ûȥ



5  ˽ľ

ϣ¶Ե÷ǳ
Դɥʧ֮Ƕ򼧲ȡ̬ãǰδеǿҷŭ֧䡣
ҧݺݵص򼧡
Ѿݽ˵ˣڰĿתƵ巨µǰɣ
˲䱻ϣ¶ѹ
ǵģǡ
Ҫͣϣ¶ƺûԸڵߵǰ
Ϊ巨ӽλ֮ǰ϶ŷʥ򲹵ʱ򣬻ŷ²ŵ˵Ǹƻޱȵˣŷ̫ˣΪ㸶ô࣬ȴױǾԲõġʹ˵ڶҲѽ巨ø㣡
ϣ¶Ⱦ˵򼧲ɵһ
ˡҴͷβûǸ˼ҾΪ£ҽ巨ġ
ûʲôģ
Ŀõɰġ򼧵ֻһˡ
˵һ룬򼧲Сײز
ϣ¶Ȼ򼧱ƽ
巨Ϊĳ˵ԵʶˣҪ׾Լ˶ôɶ¡ûа֪֮ˣ뿪
ϣ¶Ƚ˸ϳ⣬Ƶϡ
ž˵ǰ

űϣǴ㵵վԭء



ǿˣϣ¶ȡ
øø˻Ǹѹ򼧰ٸн¶͵ı飬űϵķźһ
ǰķŲûٴδ򿪵ļ
ͻ򼧲ͬڻ֮һ𱻸ϳֳ࣬Цݣָ졣
ҰѱүϳӲСǸŮѾþ˰ɡ
䷢˲佫ʵ
򼧻ֹºݻĽ˹ǵһӡ
ţɱ嶯
ܲˣǲ񻰵ŮˡҰŮˣҲģ
γ󽣣ŭȡ
֮æŭ⣺
ϣ¶ֻǶЩˣΪ߽巨ιòԴΪɱϣ¶ȣý巨ʧȥްɣ
ôһʣߣһ¶źı顣
Ȼ־ġ
ô˵ﶼǽ˹ǵӡȻէ֮´ֱʣȻǴⲻáһģʲôֵܶһ
ԭģһ뵽˵̵Ƕţ٣ʹͷˡ
˫ֲ˵
֮´ɡ
ǰλΨҶӣȻܹԹ
ˣ㻹˵ʲôɵ
һĿ˵ı飬Ȼȫ򼧵
ϣ¶ڳĻҾû취ͽ巨ú̸
ôһ˵Ѵ¿ڼϣں٬ػ
˵ֻҪնǸŮĲ͵ˣ
˵㰡
˵ֵŶͷ
ǹˣòá
κ鶼˼ģʽǸӵĳɳʹȻҲãָֻҲգ֮ϹҿɾͲˡ
ȻǸ鷳ȴǼ׶ֱ顣ֱֻʹͷ˸Ĳ
Ǹȫִļһ
ζӳµ򼧣ǻм۾˵
翴˳۾ҪԷһϵ˶ᱻġҪ˹ǹĻ͵ѧ˼һ㡣
뵱Ĳǹʥ
һġҪվ֮ϣͱȡ˵ȵ˶ʧˣҪվ˭ͷǹʥڵǰ²ŵԳ

ﲻûа򼧵Ļȥάּ翸󽣵ƣĿתض򼧡
ԼͶ߾̲ʲô뷨ȫԶ²͸˹ǵʲô
ʱеھε̾˿
ˣҲûʸԱ˵ˡ
򼧵ֹﲻͷ

ҡҡͷ˸ۡ
ûʲô
̾Ϣ
˷ϣ¶ܻģ
˵ݾϣ¶˵ʲô
ظ֤ϡ˲˭Ү
򼧲ɵý˫㡣
Ǹ˾ʲô
ֱɿϣ¶Ⱥ򼧶Ƶġ˫ԭѾĹϵֱøˡ
ǰһӹһеھε뷨˿ٶӿͷ
Ҳʱˡ
ǳҪβܵԼ
Σ޷ݵ᰸
ֻҪϣ¶Ⱥͽ巨ڡ˹Ӧòʲô⡣
һж˵̫ˡ
εһ㣬ֻ˶ѡ
Ƭ֮
˵ûݲһöԸĽɫ
ε˵仰
¶һɵı飬ͷѵʾ򼧡
ټ򼧲߽ᣬ˻֮󣬱ͷߡץס󣬲ذ
ۡ
򼧵Ϸ·дšʲôֻ֣Ȼʵ
㲻ûȥ·ô߰ɣ

һ㶼ûͻȻ֮䱻ʹ򼧰յҧ촽
ɶΪʲôûҪǵô󰡣
ؿ޾ĳȡȥǽϲƵ顣
һ·ϵתǣֻҪ΢߸·Ͼͻ㲻Լںδ
ÿʱ򼧾͸Թ޽˹ǹӵĹ죬ԼڹĿռ䡣һ˵ĻҲȥˣʵ̫ˡ
ﴩԣǰͷ
˳ȥɡ
ף
򼧿
û뵽ﾹȻԼĿĲһµĶ˵ֻ
򼧲ɵԭأıӰ
عͷ
ڷʲô㶰СҶม
һĴָߴ򼧶һ㡣



Ĵ£صԼķ䡣
ѽ£㵽ܵȥˣ
һţͼȻŵ˹
ʱ򼧲Լûȸ֪Ůʧġ
ǵȵʱΪ׷ݶ뿪˷䡣
û׷ݵ£صʱ¶Ӱˣ͸
Ϊʧ˴ûͷɥȣиеЩⲻȥ
ʵ򼧸ղžͺݼˣȴ޷ʵϾȥͶԷġ෴ģĻƢֳͣջú㡣򼧾Լ̤λŮһ⣬ֻ͵͵صǸ
ʱȴı˱顣
ˣ£ŷ´Ӹղžһֱڵม
򼧳ָķȥ㷢ŷվ
忿ڴ̨ϣɫע򼧡ϵı鿴ƺЩ㯡

ˡ
š
򼧵ĶС˵
ŷԴ֮󣬾һֱüͷء
仰룺Ȼ
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ȵϸֳĵı飬뵽ʲôƵģһ䡣
òǹŷʲô°ɣ
ԴֻܿЦԶԡ
ʲôҲûֻЩҪ̸̸
ƺ򼧵ı졣Ȼһʱ֮ԵúܵǣִŮı飬תΪͬ㡪ͬ˰ı顣ס򼧵֣˵
ôλúһİɡ
˵仰߳˷䡣
ĿȵӰʧ֮򼧽ƻŷϡǻԥһ㣬ĬƬ̡һŷ˹ȥ
ұҪȥġ
ŷϸע򼧵һһ
ϵı飬ԿѾȥ̸ˡ
ҲԿóǸ᰸
ԼΪ򼧵ġ
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м㡣
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ŷһ˵ʲôɡֻЩԴ򼧶ʣ
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ĻƲǱڵŷ˾Լصȵȵز̸
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ʥκ˶ҪǿУҲˡġǿȡܹȻȻɵĵǿȡ
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һңŲʺϵʥɡȻڵŷ˾Ѿޡ١ڣҾͱ븺Σôġ
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ն˵ŷҲͷ
š
Ǿ仰ŷԵЩį
ȫûϵͽ巨ҲõޣԲŻΪԼǼ̳λɡ
ŷ˵ͣһ¡򼧽˵ȥ
ѾûǸҪˡ
ǰ˵öԡ
ŷô˵Ц˳
Ҳʱˡ
ݵĿĺڣ򼧶޷᰸
ΪԸϣ¶ȶ
ҲΪҪ顪
ô˵ָ֪ܵоʵͦܵġ
δ˽ʱ򼧵ܵ˴ˡ
򼧺ǣҲϣܹҸ򼧲ԹǣʹˣȻǲįǷϲҲ޷شΪĻԼ˫ĸֻúȻġ
ȷʵкøСȷǺöֵĸǷͬ
ΣȷʵΪǼ¸еЩʹ
ʱֻ鷢̫ͻȻûмʱע⵽Լ顣
ϣ˳ͬζ
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˻һŷ϶ʱ־ȵı顣
ҵڼޣ˲ܺ롣οҲӦ㣬ԡƷһֱһֻҪ㲻ϣ뿪ҾͲ뿪㡣
͵עŷӡ
Ҳϣ¶Ⱦ۹ϵôӣҵá֪Լ棬Ҿ޷źǣƺ˵һ׶Ըڽ˹ǵĻҲĻᱻȺͽ巨顣Ҵ뿪ҡ

˹Ѿ˽巨ϣ¶ȣҪˡҪǴֻΪĵߣǵ뿪ȻҶϡڽ˹ǵĵλҲûбҪڽ˹ˣ𣿡
ⷬŷһؽֱԭءûлػ
ŷ
ųٳûзӦŷɻؿڽ֡
ʱŷգգ۾
ϸֳ͵Цݡ
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İɣҶԽ˹ҲȫûоֻҪһ𣬾޷ģҲа취ȹѹصġ
ƺƮյı˶ˡ

ŷ֪ȻЩ죬ȴȥ
ΪΪҪ˵ЩҪĻֻԽԽӡ
뿪˹ǲǵǰҪ¡
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ม
𣬻سʱҲԼġ
ȫûϵԷô
ô˵ǵ̸ޡ
һ뵽򼧲ɵþЩΪ顣
ȻڳĻҲƽҪΪʲôƫƫʱȴһﲻ̸أ
ȫû򼧵Ƶģû񾭵￪˵
ʵǸò˷գʵܵ
ܵ
СӹȻ̸֮ͷβˣ
һηӵ򼧣ֱ˵˵
һʼͲʲô⣬ֻΪݵĳ֣ñȽϸӰˡֻ֮ܶҪݳ֮ǰһУʲô¶û𣿡
ʲô
򼧺ŷԼͬؿű˴ˡ
˵˵
˵Լ˽飬һ鲻ͽ𣿡

˵ͦʵʵġ
žһŷ˫һġ
Ү򼧡˵úеΪʲôô򵥵ķȴ벻أ
ιιŷ
򼧵΢΢鴤š
㲻ǶʥıûȤ𣿸ղŶ뿪˹ǵͬ˵˭
ŷȫ˵ˡ
˵ûһǣݣҾͻ᲻ԾطӦȣʧȥ侲жǶ
ŷЩյսȭͷ
ͻȻתȥ
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ף
Ÿ˵꣬ŷƾʧˡ
ͬϵ˼һ̰ʧ
ιһ¡
æҪֹ봫תۼ㲻Ӱŷ
ʧʽǼһòΪĹڶҡԾ̬˰ɡ
Ǹŷȷп¡ھʵȫͬÿζᱻƭ
شͷ̾һ
ͰɡվһԵһ²ؼӣʧٵŷ˻֡
ΪʲôЩô嶯
еƣ򼧣ֻþ˳Ȼˡ
˹Ҹûһ˼ˣ̫˼Լ׳һ
ôǰɣڵľ



򼧵ľûг̫á
һݣŷȴһֱû
ŷÿ춼򼧵ķüΣʱ򻹻һԷȴȫӰ
ѲɡڶԹ¸еᷳ𡭡ٳٵȲŷãʹȵ൱ҡϴοŷüͷı飬Լ̬ȣƺ˲õ롣
ڷùͺһŲͲסӣĵʵ
ŷµôأôһʱûϡ档

ֲϸҺ׷ʲôˡ
ô˵ܹؽȶֱӸŮ֮⣬ǶһԲ浱š
㲻õģûкŷܡοȥʱõòء
ȻˡΪʲôŷ³ٳûأ

һҲס
һοŷҪȥ֮ǰ
ԴǰһƵʧ֮󡪡򼧾ûټˡ
ǵģǼһﵽڸʲôѽ
òֱ鷳¼˰ɣͻȻЩ۴ֽǶ򼧶ΪŷԸݡ
һ뵽򼧵ͷӿһɲõԤС
̲סվ
ҹȻ޷˳Ȼ
һ̬ԼĵطԽԽӣ򼧾Ѱ
ùͺѵ߳ͥƶ
Ŀĵƽʱ˯ĵط
ԽüҰ״ĵ񣬲ïܵԺһ߲ѡ˵ĳ
̧ͷܵľе

ûãϱ㴫Ӧ

źǷԴ⡣ӣϲ˯
򼧶ڴ֦˯۵ʵ
֪ŷ𣿡
һһ߻ش
֪ô𣿡
⼸һֱûŷӰʹŷۣ֪ӼǰͲ֪ȥˡ
֮գգ۾ϵıһЩ
ش֦
˵ʼĩǴڵϣն˵
ô룬ݸĹ
仰򼧵ɴ˫ۡ
ף
֮ܶŷСȥ̸֮󣬾Ҳûл˶԰ɣ
ǰ
򼧵ͷսȭͷ
һǸħŮʲôϷǾǴͨõġ
ǡ
ͨ
ǽ巨ݰ
ôһ˵գգۡʵ
ҲˣΪʲôᵽ巨ءǼһڲΪ˶޷ж𣿡
ô𣿡
ѵ𣿡
ɻԴ˫ֻأһ
ȷʵġΪ巨Ǽһյڴ˯ͷ𣿡
ҲЩɡ
԰ɣǼһһҲûǰ¶ʵ̫ˣҲһǱװδӣ˽ȴִĳֹ⡣
仰򼧵Ĳ˶ҡ
ɡ
̲סĲ²⣬ȷʵֿԡ
Ȼ̫ݵΪˣ巨ĸǲǲܷ¡ϾλǲԳȥжϵġ
ϣ¶һֱ߿Ү
򼧲ΪÿϽ巨ݳ˱ƭ֡
ۿƺţ̾һ
˵ǲ̫С˹ҵ
ף
ұϣǵĽǶŷ˾رΣյĴڡŷ˾µĵطĻһȡǵֶֻܻڵĽ巨ǲô򵥾봹״̬ġǶĻָ൱š

ѵԼ֮ǰƲǴ򼧵ٶȲ˶ҡ
ŷ˾ȥ֮廯Ľ̴塪
ԭΪ֮ڶʱȬΪڳˡ
ѵŷ֮ԻѸȬΪŷ˾ԵʣΪΪ˹ҳԱԵ𡭡
ǽ巨Ȼǡ
װˣ
ȷʱ򣬵巨ڴϣƿŴ̵˯ʱܵһĸо
ǣʱֳǳﲢûж˵ʲô򼧻ΪԼˣҼƿ˯

Īǵʱ巨ϵȬˡ
һ뵽򼧲üͷ
ݲŻͻȻΪ˱ǲ巨״
Ϊ˷ֹǿ巨Ȭģ
̲סҧָס
ôΪʲô
üͷ˳˼
ʼֻһĿġ
ý巨λﵽĿģŷƱػΪ谭
ɳ֮򼧵˵˾䣺Ѳɡ
Ѳɾ˵Ķŷʲô𣿣
ҡҡͷҪ뷨Ƶġ
ŷҮЩԺҲվǽ˹ǵӣ޸֮ˡԣԲڽ巨֮¡ϾӵԽһ˸񡪡񱩵ŷ˾ӡס㲻ֵ֮ǿġ
ʹˡ
̫ȷʵŷ㡣
ʹ˶Լж⣬ҲΪ⡣Ծȥ㱻巨Ҳû˶ڵܵôִŵķϣһȴԹԽ
ŷʱͨǣ򼧵ʱܾȫûҷıܡ
Խô룬Խǲ
æ˵
ȥȷϿ
һЦ
ð
ϵıʱתΪȲı顣ڶԷѹõյԴ״һ㣬ͫɢȸԾĹԡ



򼧽ûзκ£ٶ巨ڵķ䡣
ϣ¶ڴǰϣͷ塣˻˯ߵڼ䣬ϵ˵Ҳû¿óе÷š
ʱϣ¶ȴĶͻȻͣܵԶ֮͵ϢѸٻͷһϳ򼧵֮ϣ¶Ե÷ǳȡ
ѽǡ
һתۼ䣬¶൱õı顣Ϸ·дšˣǲʶô֡
ϣ¶Ŵ̵һĴ壬վ
ǺܷҮ巨Ŀǰл̽ãҪ˵ǲŶ
βûбϣ¶ȵѹ
̽Եطʣ
ϣ¶ȣ巨𣿡
ôһʣϣ¶ȵıԵøӻðɡ
ǻ˵ʲôѽ
򼧸һȷϡ
Ϊ˶޷ж𣿡
ϣ¶˫ֲ
ǵȻҲŻѽ
ֱֱעϣ¶ȵõпһ˿ߡǶͫеֻǴķŭ
˷ŭ֮Ҳκζ򼧴иܲ١
Ȼܾǿֻü߹ԣʱ벻˵ѡ
ϣ¶Ǵĵ׵Ľ巨
ʵ֮ˡ
ô˵ȻҸ𣿣
򼧵̲סð뷨æԼ
ȷ֮ǰ¶ۡ
ϾԷǽ巨
ʱ򡪡
òǱЩеûģֱԼ۾Ƹײ͵ˣ
˵仰󣬱ƿڴǰϣ¶ȡ
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ۡʲôѽ
еŵ˼ǵ޴ǵһۡ
ڱã򼧸ǽ巨
Ͼ跨ȷŷٲǵ֮
Ǹˣϣ¶ȡҵȷϲС
Խŭϣ¶ԣ߽巨ɵĴ̡
ѽԣôô񡭡
ϣ¶æҪֹץסϸ󣬽
ڴʱƿŴ̵˯
š
巨ȷʵ˯ڴϡ
ŷķɫЩĽ𷢡Ϊ˫۽յԵʣ޷Ǳɫͫס
۾Ļܾƽʱӡͳ嵭һ㡣
԰׵ǿδȬ
Ȼ޷ж𡭡
񣬿
ͻȻ䣬Ƥ΢΢һ¡
˫ۡ

ƺǸղŵˡ
ĿԺһﲻػ
һĻϣ¶ȣ̻ŵسǰ
巨£´ѽ廹ûȫ
ڴʱ򼧸оƮһɱ൱Ϥɱ
Σա
ִ֮䣬򼧱ϣ¶ԭءһ˲䣬巨ĴѾ顣
򼧻ͷһֻﲻ֪ʱγ˴󽣡
ʲô
Ϊλ˹ǵһ嶯ñԽأ
ؽе
ô˵㶼̫ˣ
û巨ѯࡪ
ʱͻȻһ
巨Ҳǧһ֮ʱܿĴ󽣹ϥŵأڴԵĵϣݵȫһ˻
ķӦüë
Ȼװ𣿣
ǲǸղŻڴϵ˻еĶ
ɵٴξ󽣡
򼧼״æǰֹ
š
û˵꣬˵
ÿǵƲһˡ
仰򼧵һ
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Ҫѯ֮ʱͻȻסˡ
巨ͷģ
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δȷԼĻ֮ǰĴѾ巨ȥ
巨һͷû
˵һڴ󽣻µ˲䡪
巨ͻȻɢɫĹâ

ǵâ˫ۡ
ǡ
ǵâǡ
Ĺâ
綳ضãǰĽ巨𽥸ıò
ֻ巨һͷɫĽ𽥼ɫ󡪡
仯һʱ֮˺
á
򼧻³˼

Źȥں֮
ӹɵģԷ򼧵ǰδ
򼧵һꡪ
Сͺ򼧵Ķ˻ԼĶ
ȴѾˡ
￴ߡ顣
ޱȡվڸߴһ㡭



6  ħŮŮ

š
򼧵༤ҵعĶš
š
ʲôʽãûб۸ϵжôа˵ġ
ƽ£һ
ʱȻ𣿣
ʵһֱΪǡ
巨˫˫ѪеʱһĻŷ˾ͷųе
ʲô£򼧲
ΪٶʱѾԼҷĴˡ
ȻһֱİΣڻȻ䲻Ҳ޴ӵ֪Ϣ
סϸģ
СϤӰȻѶϣȴǸꡣ
˵ĸоŷе
ģȴǺ˽Ȼͬı顣
Ǹ˵һʵĿǰȻڱ֧״̬
򼧵ͷӹһ˿
û°ɣ
޷ӶԷıȷһ㡣

綳һ㶯õʱ򡪡
ȻҲ֪ΪʲôҪð巨ǼһҲûȤ֪ϴγչˡ
ԤأٴξϵĴ󽣡ȴﱣһξ롣󽣻ƿ˵һһµķѹϯȥ
ǲԵĹཫԼԴΪýͷųȥ
ǹû
Űһ죬ǽ˲俪һ󶴡
ӣǰꡪƺвЩ΢ı˳Ĺ
ѧ
̹˵Ҿִ򷨲ôȤˡ
ǰĹ⾰򼧲һ
治ǽ˹ǵӡ
ΪֹֻԴֱӹսʽһΪﲻӵ
´ˣƺҲ̲ĳر
ĨǵģұȽϲֱսԸһҪһֹȽϺá
֮ǰŵԪռˣıԵЩˡǵԷ壬㲻ֻصϴεĸޡ
Žٴλ´󽣣ڴʱ
ͷų⡣ǵⲻƫеػ塣
է֮ƺûʲô⣬ȴɳľҳ˱С
ڵ䵽֮ǰԭƣֻϧûܴĿġ
ɢɫԡ⣬ͻȻ仯ϸ״Űסж

žĹ֮ɣסˣôˤ档ֻһ˫۾ΪŭųĹâ

ĻŵĹ⾰һߴСһ߳嵽ԣܵ𻨷ɽĹ֮ţʹû취
ڹ֮еƺҪƿڴȴ޷ԸΨв͵ŭ͸Ͷȥ
ǰ¶˳Цı顣
ٳ˵ǻۣҲֻСΪ塣
򼧽ҧ촽
û뵽ƷǸ
һ򼧻ΪģһξͲòʵˡ

ܹ潻ֻһˡ
ȻǸȴ
ŷڵħ˸ǿȻаĳ̶ȣԶԶ֮ϣŷȴ䲻
Ʒ˰ߵˣ̤Ų
ԭĿ꣬ϣ¶ȡ



ϣ¶ޱվԭء
ͣϡ
ϣ¶ԼջΪδһ˽£ֻԿİ˵
κ˶Ҫ
ϣ¶ȶĸ飬ϧ߽δ򡢲ϧڣϣ¶ȴһжһɶˡ
Ϊ˱Ψһ氮ϧԼһС
ԼġͿĨȫͬɫʡ
ѽӰתƵϡתƵϡ
Թȥ꣬ϣ¶ȵûвֻǶͶעߡ
ô£巨
ϣ¶ǣҵĲǽ巨
Ǹԭϣ¶ȵδȴ൱Ľ巨ʿء
һѡ˽˹ǵӵϣ¶ȣȴһϵڵϡǷݸ벻İɡϣ¶ǾԲʵġ
ȥˣ۾ϣ¶ȡ
Ȼʹ˵ӣҲ޷ҡ𣿡
˵ʲô
ϣ¶¶ĵ׸еɻı飬
ԴＰЦϣ¶ȡ

۲ͼ

һЦ־硣Ͱšˡ
ϣ¶һ֮£üë
ڰĽĶֻн巨һˡǽ巨µġƷ
ϣ¶ⷬǣ¶һ˿Ц
ޡ١ڵǣ㡪ӦҪѡĵġˡ
Ҳ˵ʲô
֪жôδ޾ѵһ𣿡

ڵرĴڡ
˵Ŀת򼧡ԣʵעӵĶ󲢷򼧱ˣǼڵ
˥ϵĽ˹޲ͬʱµ֡
ˣԼķҲ򼧵޲ͬ
ʹޡ١ڡƷ֮ˣҲԾʹ˻øޡ
ΨΪƷŮѡĶ󣬲ܳΪԼߡ
ǱϵʽǡƷѡĶ
Ż⵽
Ϊϣ¶Ķ
Ȼϣ¶ȴûѡѡ˽˹ǵĵӣ巨ʿء
ҴδܵͱѡǴֱµġǾ̽һ¡
̽
ϣ¶һ˼Դ
̽ǷĲˡǰŽ˹ǵĵӡ

¶õıЦš
İ黹ǷǳģȫûвǸðƻ͵չҡ
仰ϣ¶ɫࡣҧ촽סط
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ð巨ʲôͼ
򼧴ܵʧǵõǰꡣ
ȥΪ˵õϣ¶ȵģȡ塣ȴûжԽ巨ʹֶͬΣֻ۷İϷıò
Ŀƻ򼧵ϡ
ͱʾû취ڽ巨ϡˣ޷Ҳ޷ȡ塣
򼧵ⷬ¶һȤı顣
Ǽһûжͣ־ȴʯͷһ̡Ǹȫɲóˡ
Żݵķʽð巨Ϊȷʵõϣ¶ȡ
Ȼղá̽һ¡ں˵ǣʵϣȻʮֿõϣ¶ڵޡ
Ž˹ǵԼŴĸ
ûҪǡƷģŮûпҵĿԸ˳ҵĻҲһֱάǸӡ
ͷѹڵذϵ
û뵽һȴ֡
ʹжɣƺȻûзǿþȫص
򼧲֪⿪ķϵԼ֮࣬ѹӿͷİûڸУ˵
Σ״̬ǲ̫õġ
򼧵ĻЦˡ
ȷ˵ˣֻ̽һ¶ѡ

㱻ҲνôĿֻΪȡʱ䡣
ȡʱ䡭
ʱ򼧾һ¡
㡭
̲ס
ѽ巨ôˣ
ûлشֲõԤУһΡ
Ľ巨
ڻػˡ
ҪޣĴǸ谭
ɱ
ĿǰûСٲͻûˡ
ô˵ǼһĿǰޣ
ȻǸ˲ϲڵȴҲϣ
һ뵽ĿǰΪֹΪҲԼ̫ˣڽ˹һʱ֮ҲٶһЩ顣
ǡ
ٹþͻû
⻰ʲô˼ѽ巨صȥˣʲô
ûش⡣ζ֪ҿԵȵһж֮ٸ㡣
һж֮󡭡
仰Ե֪֮°߽巨ֻΪðǻĿġ
ǸĿİ˳ɲͼ
ǵǡ
ͻȻע⵽һѰ¡
һ¡
ĸֳһʡ
Ϊʲôһô׾ð巨أ
ʥӰ˹ҵ̫ǿƣڸ˽˹ұķâʵﻹʵǿ١
˵ǲô򵥾õֵģܹ֧½Ҳ˳հȨܱ
ο巨ߵ˾֮
Ļ巨ҲΪλкߵλ̳ˡ
Ȼ̷Ž巨ǣûвԼ⵽ˡ
˹ȴпܻᷢ
Բܡ
֤ݾǡ
򼧵һӽ̾Ͳ״
ǵһۿģͿǽ巨ˡ
ȻˣҲӦûʶαװĽ巨Ŷԡ
򼧻һ¡
ԡ
򼧵˸ʱû̷ڡ
һʱ򣬾ҲûܿİϷ
ֱƿԴǴµ˯֮ǰʹиоԾҲҲԾԭ
Ҳˡ
ʱ򼧵Ժֳ︡ĳ۾
硭ŸжǵĴ̡ǽһĻ
ŴðƵĽ巨ڴϵʱ򣬻߲״ĻȷʵͲ¶ˡ
ʱϣ¶չ˽巨ʵϣ巨Ŀȫһְİɡ˵˾ڷܵչӵϣ¶Ⱥο֮⣬κδɡ
ʹˣҲ޷졣
ʹȫϣ¶ȸҲôڼڣȫȥ쿴˯ڲ״
οǰ̽ӽ巨ķÿͿ϶ﲻ
ϣ¶ȲܻؾеķÿͣҲûҪô
Ϊϣ¶ȸ˯Ľ巨ͱ˵ˡ
˵Ҫ°Ǹӿɲʲô򵥵¡
С巨Ĵʲôʱ򱻶ֽŵġ˭ֽţ
Ҫ֪ʵһĹƣǲܵ
仰˵
ڰЭ԰ɣǸˡ
򼧻һʱ¡
Ϊ˺ͽ巨̸ϣ¶ȵֹ׼ƿ˯һ˲䡪ͻȻֹǡ
ʱиŰѻ˵ȥ
ҡ
ǸϤ˽⵽ԼԤǶԵġ
ͷһֻһλµŮŵ˹
ݡ
û뵽»ôͰ©ˣûüء
ŵıעźŮ
Ŀཻ¶˿Ц
¶ܵһı
ѵ𣿡
򼧵ߣ΢΢ͷ
ȻҺش㡺ǡĽǶҲȻƭɡ
˵򼧵ա
ȻһúѹҲ޿κε¡
Ϊʲô
򼧴˿ɬߡ
ҴΪǻˡš
ǸˣҲԲ
ԭŷ˵û
ݲˡ
λӶ֮Ψֲˡ
Žw촽ͷ򼧣ݲץϵĺɫȹڡ
ҲǱƲѵģұʵ˵ԡ
仰̧ͷ
ʵԡ
˭ԡͶѯʵߺݴ
ĸԡ
һ֮£˫ۡ
ĸס
ϴʵɥมҲΪΪ˹ĸ׷ɥӸ֮ǰҾֻɫķװˡֱʵĸ׵Ϊֹ
򼧲ⷬĺ⡣
Ƕڵ۾
۾
￴
ǸХҹ򼧱գǻʱλŮ
žΪž
ǹȻһΡϣ㡣
΢΢һЦ
˵
ǵʱ򡭡Ҫʱֹҡ˵ǵ֮裬Ļ᲻롭
治ɫעԼݣüë
Ѳɡ
˵ͣһ£ֿʵ
ʱ巨Ѿˣ
統ʱ֮ԳֹΪֱᷢĽ巨Ļ
ݷСС̾Ϣ
ֱ񡣡
Ȼ򼧽ҧ촽
ΪʲôҪô㲻Ǳκ˶Ҫ۰巨Ȼȴ׵ֵܵطˣ㻹ͼΣ˹ǡ޹ϵ֣⵽Ϊʲô
ʱһųЦ򼧶
Ǹ۹֪Ѿͷ
ĴȥֻؿԼ
ƾʲô϶ûйϵʲô֪
˵ʲô֪
ǹͬ߻˷ļı㻹Ϊ֮ûκιϵ𣿡
仰򼧵һ
ʲ
¶һɻı飬ٶݡ
򼧵ķӦʾ
ǸŮҵͬ
򼧶ʱƿԣվԭء
ͬ
ݡ
Ǹǡôܡ
򼧵ԺͻȻֳһӰ
һż㸯಻̵Ĺȡ
һ޼ʵɫɫʯͷĹڲ̫ʱڱصס˳֮֮ĹŴ׶
˲׵ļ䣬һлĹ⾰ˮԹ֮Ƶİ˹ĩ·
ܹϤ򼧵˼Ƶģ˵
Ů˵ĸסȥΪ˹ħŮ
綳һ㣬嶯á򼧣Щرʾ
ûҵĸǰ˹ĩ֮һӵԱ˳ΪħŮ
ݵϣѾϤıˡ
ʻáıѵȻ޴档
ѹĽ˹ǹȥǿǹŻǿȢĸΪΪΪħŮµӣһкǿֻĸײµĲӣΪҡ
һûȤָԼ
ˣһȷʵؼ̳ĸ׵มڽ˹ҵŮӵһǰδеİΪ˷ֹҴֶ򣬲ŻἱҼ޵ĹȥΪҪŮȨ롣
ԶԣֻܾݵĻ
ûӵĸףӴʧȥ˹ĳ谮ӲҪȢԼΪȴΪкӾͱģĸ޷ԭĹϾ֮ʧȥΪħŮ
ʱڳˡ
ʧȥ
Ϊĸ׵ħճҶˡ

ĸһ䡣һ˹䡣Ϊû˾޷Ϊʥ
ݵ֮ⷬƺ˽ΪʲôҪˡ
Բ˵˿Ľ˹ңԼĹкӵǽиɡֻϧûԸͱˡ
ʵ
ΪŮ㣬Ҫĸס̳־𡭡
ôһʣϸֳ͵΢Ц
ȻĸԣŮܲӰɣ
൱Ƶսȭͷ
Żݺĵܵǣһֱ˵˵巨ʺϼ̳λѡҲƭ˵𣿡
ǻɣ򼧼޸巨
αҪ򼧵˼򼧷յҪء
شĲݣ
ûҪý˹ǵӼ̳λΪҾͿˡ
ȻĿתضݵ
Ϊ˻ңԺ֡
ݲûлش⣬ػ
ŮĹҲǽ˹ǡ
仰򼧵ĸеһʹ
ûѡ˹ǣѡѾĹŴ
ΪԼ׵ܵܡ
ɳһۡ
ӵһͷɫ𷢼һɫͫº͵Ǹˡ
һֱΪ׷鲻ǣ֪ˡ
ŷҲ𣿡
򼧻ôʣֻΪӡ֤ԼõĽ۰ˡ
ϣݵͷˡ
Ҳû취¡ΪŷһӾʶǵļˡǺ治ӵзӡŷ˾ʵһ̤˲䡪Ͼ֪һˡ
۾
еԺŷ
оͲôɿġ

ŷ˲жϣϾҲǽ˹ҵĳԱ
ʵκ˶Ҫ㡣λֵ֮£֮ԻԵñȽƣΪ̫ˡ
ϲͱŷʩչҪ
ʹˣĶȻʮ
òƿ̵˯̤˲䣬Ͳˡ
Ȼͱץˡ
ûеֿ𣿣
ĻҪѾ¡
ʱз뷨
Ǽһ
ŷ㱻Լ׵ܵܶ
ô˵ԷԼ׽㣬һһʱŻᱻץɡ
򼧽ҧ촽ʵ
ŷصȥˣ
ʱ򼧵ĲȻ
Ȼ巨ţǷŷҲء˵ѾΪʱˡ
ûµġʹƴԼȻ޷Ĩݲ
İɣšôôɱɰĵܵأ
ɰġܵܣ
ݵʱЩʡ
ֻǶѡǸŷ˾һǱħɡڴ

Ŷҡѵ򼧣Ц˳
Ҳ˵Ҫʵĸ׵ԡ
˫۾עŲֳĳһ㡣
Ϊ˲κһλӼ̳н˹ǣĸһ˿ǸءûӾ뷲죬עʧȥһС˹ǹǰ㡣
һز˵
Ǹ̰ˣǶȡ޷ġͬǵһ߰ɡ
仰Ŀࡣ
ͬ
Է׶ʲô
ŷ
򼧵Ժֳ︡ŷº͵ı顣
ҧ촽ʱ򡪡
ͻȻĳֱ
򼧻ͷԴһ
ֻѹڵصϣ״ӵɫȫʧˡԣǱˡ
ʡΪΪξĲ㡭
˹ǵĵһҡҡλεվ
״¶ı顣
ԼѼж𣿡
ΪһԹԵ־ܣǾʹشˡΪү˭
һ֮ػɵƺ˹
һƣӣʹˣǼ˴󽣡
û𣿡
һЦ
ʵҺһû취ˡԭǴȵȡӵġ
ͼ̻ͷֻһԪѷ䲻ŵð
ץ

˹ȥۿҪĺɫɣæץס֡
ûа취ֿ
չĴԪѷ죬ͬһ˽ȥ
ڱԪѷ˲䡪򼧼޷
ռ䡭ô¡
ȥδѹɽϯ
ɺ˵ѹȸ֮£򼧵ʶģ



7  

׹Ԩʶʼʱĳ
ԡ
Ǹ

ڿХҹġ˼ĸ
ϸ㣬˼ɡƸ

۾󣬵һۿ컨塣
컨ĸ߶ĸߡ컨ĴСڵĿռͽ˹ǹı׼ԣ
Īϴξ
Դ֮Իеʹǿռƶĺ֢ɡԼԵʱӦûкܾá
ôġط˸еϢ
ƴΪʲôô򵥵Ķڵ˵ȴ쳣ѡʹˣ˿ҪȥϢУȻŬƶߡ
ӳģλӵӰ
ǿȫʧȥʶ
ղŻҲ޶صڵذϡ
λȫʧȥ绵ż㱻ڵϡ
ǵ屻ɫ׹Χ
׹·һ㣬Ųӡ塣
һҲûУǵͷ·ȴ΢΢Ʈš
ĳǵͷųӦ˵ȡ
ݸղ˵Ļ˵ĸĻȡܵǵħ
æܵڵϵŷߡ

޷
򼧸еЩ
ߣԼ塣ûŷһţȴá
Ϊʲô򼧰˼⣬
ʱһ
Գǿม
Ǹһƶߣݲ֪ʱһԡ
ڵ޺以ִԸĸ
ִ
ʹ˫üȷʵǦһء
ĳѹ·Ҫ򼧵ѹڵƵģ
һ˼ͷ
ħʯӦֻԽ˹ǵӦŶԡΪʲôҲܵصӰأ
ħʯ
ôһ˵򼧿ʼܣĳ
ķһǣһԺɫʯɵļ̳
ʯ׵Ϸиĸߵ̨̨Ϸǡ
Ǿħʯ
ƴģʶעż̳ϵʯͷ
ǿʯͷðʲô˸Źâ΢΢Ʈ̨֮ϡ
һ֪ǲһͨʯͷ
ǹɹâȻˮǳƣɫȴЩĲֵͬɫ
ǲ򼧵һ㣬ݿ˵
ܲ˼ɫ԰ɣʵҲˮมֻڲ֪бǸģ

ʯͷѾɺ͹ȥŲȻͬĶʹˣ̺ӦҲˮ֮°ɣ
ǾǡݵĸĶ
⵽ѵΪ˽и𣬽ʾɵԹۺ塣
ʯͷɢĲ֮Լ۾ܱʶѵ֪ݵĸǰ̲˶ôǿ
ȷʵб˳ΪħŮ˹ǹΪеʹ󲿷ֵħתƵŮϣ˾˵ħۺ塣
ϸǴﴫأǲݵĸ׵ɡ
ǹʱ㲻ϵػصšоֹضħʯħ䡪
򼧲е
˹ħŮ
ѾˣħȴɢԹһ㣬֧ռ䡣
ô
Ĳ̵עλӡ
עĿŷ
һμʱˣһϢģȫʧȥ
ŷ
ǿ֣ݵ˵
Ȼ˲𡣶ǿħʯˣȻķôʱ䡣ôգȡ֮ƵġһˣȻסԶҵ񡣡
һܡ
ǺŷٲʱǺϡⷬķԣ򼧶ʱȵôŷֵطü죬ôһʱһֱ
ôŷ
ΪʲôԼûһע⵽أΪʲôԼû뵽ҪȥѰء
һ뵽򼧾͸е൱ڡ޲úݺѵһٹȥǸʲô֪Լ
򼧵ȼܵŭ
¡ӡ
ַʽһһεեȡ޵ֿߵ
ǵ֮ǰǳҲ޷һȥûм̳λʸˡ
ǲȡǵûˡ
ķôʱ䣬ַʽĥԼ׵ܵܣһ˵Ĺ޷⡣
״̬£ü졭
˼򡭡ͬõ״̬
ʱͻȻһ¡
Ͷ巨
ŷһܡ巨ȴԶ类
巨ʱ䣬ŷ޷ġ
巨ֲŷ˾
ʹӵв˹ʢҲվȲ볣ŷ˾
ȻǸ˹ŷǸԡ
½巨
ѱǿŹâħʯС
˵ĻôȡͬտǵڱȡĻҲ˵
ĿǰĴǸձץˡ
Ҳħʯʳ
ûѹļ
š
ҵӣҪѹ
һ㲻лþȡ
ʹ޲Ųʹ塣֣Ҫķȥ
ݼ״֮󣬿˵
ѽ㻹ǻءҿϵŮ־ǿ
˻һ¶յıݡ
ǰ׷ʯͷ֮ǰѲġ仰˵ֻҪЩӻ;޷˫ۡ
仰֮򼧿Ʈ̨Ϸħʯ
ǾһеԪס
ܹƻǿʯͷĻ
û취
ѵ״̬£Щʲôأ
Ҫһָ÷һˡ
ŬرֲʶԶȥʱǰĿռͻȻŤŴðһµӰ
ˡ
Ļ§ϣ¶ȡ
§ڻã˳ǰĹ⾰ɵĿɿڴ
ûзӦ޷ɡĳסֻۿӯˮ¶־弰顣
עԼϣ¶ȣֵͷڵ϶õ򼧡
Ƿ˵İ߼ɺ޵ıӦõĳͷǾۼ֤˹ҵĩ·ɡ
仰򼧽ҧ촽
Ϊܵõϣ¶ȵ𣿡
ִ£ܹԸ
ŮѾǵáˡˡô޷ıһ㡣ȻҪǡʵˡôҾͳȫȽеİ߶ȵֻʣҵʱҲֻѡˡ
ʲô
˸ʲôϣ¶ִ֮ʵˣΪ̰ͼȨ
бҪĻһ¹ļ䡣
˵˵Ļ򼧵ͷΪ֮һ
¹䡭
Ѿʧȥȥļˣ˻ȥڵļ䣬Դܸ
ôǴӱϸıϣ¶ˡ
Ϊ˻ޣ˿ԲֶΡ
ʹҪ̤˵ģҲһ˿ԥɡ
ҧгݡ
岻ʹĽѡ
ΪʲôԼأ
κˣҲȲκˡ
ѹԵǰԼвһ㡭
ħʯͷųľѹȻҪѹ⽴Ƶġ
һ棬ǹҲʹڵ궯ѣ޷ݵŭ
ҲΪҵ̫֮СԵʡ
޲޷ʩչ
κʱ򼧶ֻᰭְš
ʹˡ
ڵ򼧿ظо޵Ĵڡ
һֱֳĬޣΪħʯ֮Եʶ
򼧵ʹ֡
ֻޱȵ
ȻˣԾͲ㡣
򼧽ʶ֡
ͷʹ
֮·ڵֿ򼧵־Ƶģϵرš򼧾ڰҰ㣬ƴؽ˼Ƭһ㡭
ţ򼧵ųɫĹԡ
ĿǰΪֹܵѹȸ˲ʧˡһֱ򼧵ѹʱúͻࡣ
ʵĿӿ˷β׶ˡ
޵ܳΪĽҲܳΪĶܡ
ȥ˵Ļʱ򼧵Ժ
֮ܲݺɡ˹ͬͬȫ˿һ㡪ô˵ġ
ǹ롢ˮ֡ʹħʯˮҲӲá޵ųһ򼧡
ͷųѽ򼧴Ȼʹʣҡҡλεվ
һĻ֮¶൱Ȥı顣䡣
Ŷ
һע򼧡
û뵽޵ﾹȻ
Ҳһֱ֪ء
еﶼʹܹڲˣԹֻһˣǵһλɡ˹
δ͵Ĺԡ
֪Լй͡
֮󡪡ǹȫֳ״ˡ
ɫĹâž졣дɽ֮ƵӴۺ壬򼧵졣
ҫ۵ķСһɢտԵĽ
Ũ֮ľۺ
ڲ򼧣ҲǷ漣
ƾ־γѽʹ廯
ۺ򼧵гֵ˲䡪һɫ׵ͷ¡
ϵĽ͵˲䣬־֣ͷ۹ŴŲˮ֮
ɵؽ򼧡
ء
һһҵĳ졢ɫԵײ
һ˲䣬ˮ֮ɢ
ǿĳǽ򼧵˳ȥ
·ƣҷϻϸС˺ۡ
ȫ⵽иľʹ
ʹˣ򼧻ǻˡ
ˮ޷򼧡
һȻֻС
ҲŵشԼ塣
巨ʿصʥ޶һ˲䱻˺ѶֻǸͨ˵򼧾Ȼа취ˮĹ
ԭˡǾ֮𣿡
ʹˮҲ޷֮ܡ
ˣŴĩҪõޡ
Ʋ
˺ۺ۾
ûƲ
ǲΪ޵㣬Ϊ򼧲졣
޶ԣԼġƷ
ʹˡ
ֻҪ㹻ˡ
֮ҪΪ˺ǰս
֪ڵԼֻ
Է˹ǵǶԸ˵Ĺƾʲôأ
ֻ롪
ҪһС
ֻնֶ֧Դ
Ŀ
ǰٶˮĹâ
ٰһǹҲܲסˡʹˣɽеĽ
Ϊ׳ƣģĶػŽҪƵģֱȥ
򼧵Ľʱֱϣ¶ȵӰʧˡ
˸յʧȥƽ⣬ǰĵһ
ʱϸܵɫ֮ԼϮװҪܹƵӴܣͬʱĿԼ̳ľ롣
û⡭ҵˣ
򼧽ֳڵ棬װĲȵӣ絯ɰ㣬ż̳˳ȥ
ɢտԵĽ
޴ĳʯƵ̨Ӧ顣ڳ̫죬򼧵ôǽײš
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ͬһʱ䣬һħʯѵ쳹䡪
ѵħʯŷľγһ磬ᴩ컨壬ֱʡ
ɲһ㣬ɢڳˮ֮Ҳ룬ʧյı˶ˡ
¸˲䣬һֱصڿеĸֹͣˡ
ܶʱѻȸ
һڵϡ
ʧˡ
ħʯѵ˲䣬ϵĽҲ֮ʧҲûпԱԼĶƻˡ
Ȼû취ɡ˹һ𣿣
ѾŬˡ
̧ͷһ
⵽ƻһԿյĶղŵĳ㲻Ѿڵˡ
յħʯڵʧ𡭡
ħʯѵ˲䣬Ŀôӽ˹ȡʡܵŶɢһ㡣
˵Ļ򼧴ŻᱻǺ˰ɡ˵ʲôԭҲһ
ʹˣҲܱħʯնȥҪúá
֪Լʲô𣿡
ǰΪŭ
ΪֹһŬڸղŵһ֮»һӰ
ûܻŨħʯڵĽ˹λ֮ۿɵĽ˹Ϸôֹˡ
еѪˮֱҪըˡ
Ϊ˱ٴ
ˮ֮޾ġϿһ˿ƣתۼһ
Ȼڵϡ
ѾҲûվˡƣֻ̧ͷĬĬ׼ȡԼӡ
ڴʱ
򼧵۽鵽ĳ
΢΢ƮǵĽ𷢡
תͷȥ󣬺ȻǸˡ
ӦñħʯһСʧȥĽ˹ǵӣ֪ʲôʱվ
巨
Ϊʲôվء
Ѿ˼򼧣ֻǴؿǸ˵ж
巨һۺ󣬱Եس֡
¸˲䣬һͷ˳Ļе˿
һλʧȥʶŮͻȻĻС
ԭڻϣ¶ȣתۼȴƶ巨ߡ
ע⵽巨֮תͷȥ
һΪʲô
ϸֳı顣
ɻᶨĽ˹ǵǣ¶һĨЦ
ɱС˹ҵม
˵仰֮󣬽巨ϣ¶ȵؿڡ²һŹȦ缯Ź֮Ӱ㣬š
¸˲䡪йɹʶĿϣ¶ȵڽųֱʡ



ͻȻðһȻ
ʲô
㶵ա
и޴ġ
ϢעӵǸ
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Ǹ
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򼧵˵
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һݮΪͲסĸ£ҿˣڽظǰұչ׹ʱ򣩡
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